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Table 4 Clinical, functional, exercise tolerance and HRQoL in FILD cases with and without reduced diaphragmatic thickening

From: Diaphragmatic ultrasound findings correlate with dyspnea, exercise tolerance, health-related quality of life and lung function in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease

Variable

Non-reduced diaphragmatic thickening (n = 9)

Reduced diaphragmatic thickening (n = 21)

p

Age

54 ± 14a

47 ± 16a

0.22

Sex, male (%)

5 (55.6%)

13 (61.9)

0.52

Body mass index (Kg/m2)

27 ± 3a

26 ± 4a

0.42

Lung function

 FVC (% predicted)

69 ± 12a

53 ± 15a

< 0.01

 DLCO (%predicted)

48 ± 12a

40 ± 16a

0.25

MIP (% predicted)

90 ± 22a

77 ± 25a

0.17

MEP (% predicted)

95 ± 27a

83 ± 28a

0.30

SNIP (% predicted)

89 ± 5a

87 ± 12a

0.66

MRC dyspnea scale

2 (1–2.5)b

3 (2–3.5)b

0.01

Health-related quality of life

 Respiratory symptoms

29.6 (7.7–52.2)b

42.0 (25.0–57.0)b

0.17

 Activity

37.8 (29.4–60.9)b

66.3 (38.6–76.3)b

0.03

Six-minute walk test

 Walked distance (m)

516 (405–576)b

499 (435–552)b

0.89

 Walked distance (%predicted)

93 (84–103)b

83 (77–94)b

0.25

 Initial SpO2

96 (93–96)b

95 (93–96)b

0.76

 Final SpO2

91 (83–94)b

85 (68–90)b

0.19

 SpO2 desaturation at end 6MWT 6MWT

5 (2–10)b

11 (5–25)b

0.04

 Initial heart rate (ppm)

80 (69–91)b

84 (70–98)b

0.80

 Final heart rate (ppm)

104 (88–141)b

119.5 (107–136)

0.31

 Initial Borg dyspnea scale

0 (0–1)b

0 (0–0.3)b

0.89

 Final Borg dyspnea scale

5 (3–5)b

7 (5–8)b

0.04

 Initial Borg leg fatigue scale

0b

0b

0.93

 Final Borg leg fatigue scale

3 (1–6)b

5 (1.5–7)b

0.28

  1. Reduced diaphragmatic thickening was defined by diaphragmatic thickening fraction values below the 95% confidence interval of values obtained from the healthy controls”
  2. FVC forced vital capacity, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, TLC total lung capacity, DLCO carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, MRC Medical Research Council, SpO2 peripheral capillary oxygen saturation, Ppm pulse per minute
  3. aData expressed as mean ± SD
  4. bData expressed as median (25th–75th interquartile range)