Study | Characteristics | Intervention | Outcome | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Country | Year | Number of subjects; mean age of experiment group, y | Number of subjects; mean age of control group | Experimental group | Control group |  |
Fan Xuwei 2015 [18] | China | 2012–2015 | 44; 8.2 ± 2.7 | 43; 7.2 ± 2.1 | MPD (2 mg/kg/d) for 5 consecutive days then received 1 mg/kg/d for 2 days | Oral administration of AZM tablets (10 mg/kg; max. dose 0.5 g) for 1 day then received 5 mg/kg of AZM through day 2–5 (max. dose 0.25 g) | Fever duration, Hospital day, CRP change |
Feng Xiaoqiang 2016 [26] | China | 2013–2015 |  |  |  |  | Fever duration, Hospital day, Cough duration, Improvement of chest x-ray |
Ji Chaoyu 2017 [28] | China | 2014–2016 | 50; 5.1 ± 0.3 | 50; 4.9 ± 0.5 | IV MPD (2 mg/kg/d) for 3 days | Daily IV infusion of AZM (10 mg/kg/d) | Fever duration, Cough duration |
Li Ling 2015 [14] | China | 2013–2014 | 53; 6.5 ± 2.1 | 51; 6.6 ± 1.9 | MPD (2 mg/kg/d) for 3–5 days | Erythromycin IV drip for 1 week, then change to AZM IV drip for 3 days, stop for 4 days, then oral AZM tablets for 3 days, then stop for 4 days then oral AZM tablets for 3 days again, with 3rd generation cephalosporin | Fever duration, Hospital days, Cough duration, Change in chest x-ray, CRP change |
Li Ming 2015 [15] | China | 2013–2014 | 50; 3.1 ± 0.4 | 50; 3.2 ± 0.2 | IV administration of prednisolone sodium succinate 1–2 mg/kg/d for 3 days, then changed to oral administration of prednisone 1–2 mg/kg/d, then stopped 7–10 days of tapering | Daily IV administration of AZM (10 mg/kg/d) for 3–5 days, then stopped for 3 days. Sequential therapy with daily administration of AZM dry suspension 10 mg/kg/d for 3 days then stopped for 4 days, and repeated for total course of treatment of 1 month | Fever duration, Hospital days, Cough duration, CRP change |
Lin Jianqin 2015 [16] | China | 2012–2015 | 42; 6.4 ± 1.2 | 41; 6.1 ± 1.3 | IV MPD 1 mg/kg/time, 2 times/day, for 3 days, then changed to oral administration of MPD, 1 mg/kg/time, 2 times/day | Daily IV AZM 10 mg/kg, for 3–5 days then oral administration of AZM 10 mg/kg/d for 3 days then stop for 4 days. Oral administration was repeated for 2–3 times during course of treatment | Fever duration, Cough duration, Time to normalization of chest x-ray |
Lin Yan 2015 [17] | China | 2012–2015 | 45; 6.4 ± 3.2 | 45; 6.7 ± 3.3 | IV infusion of dexamethasone 0.2–0.3 mg/kg/d for 5 days | IV infusion of AZM and gamma globulin | Fever duration, Hospital day, Cough duration, Time to normalization of chest x-ray, CRP change |
Liu Chunyan 2017 | China | 2015–2016 | 52; 5.8 ± 4.0 | 52; 5.6 ± 4.2 | IV MPD pulse therapy (1–2 mg/kg/d) for 3 days | IV infusion of immunoglobulin 400 mg/kg/d for 2 days; IV infusion of AZM 10 mg/kg/d for 5 days | Fever duration, Time to normalization of chest x-ray |
Liu Qing 2016 [22] | China | 2013–2015 | 74; | 62; | IV infusion of MPD 2 mg/kg/d was administered until 24 h after defervescence. Oral prednisone was started with 1–2 mg/kg/d then tapered for 7–14 days | IV infusion of AZM 10 mg/kg/d for 5 days then stop 4 days and repeat for 2–3 cycles | Fever duration |
Lu Xiaoyun 2017 [29] | China | 2014–2015 | 53; 6.59 ± 1.57 | 52; 6.80 ± 1.43 | IV infusion of MPD 2 mg/kg/d for 5 days | 10 mg/kg of oral AZM for 1 day continued by 5 mg/kg of AZM from day 2–5. | Fever duration, Cough duration, Time to normalization of chest x-ray, CRP change |
Qiu Haiyan 2017 | China | 2015–2016 | 50; 6.91 ± 2.16 | 50; 6.85 ± 2.10 | MPD 1–2 mg/kg/d | IV AZM (10 mg/kg/d) was used until symptom improvement then changed to daily oral AZM suspension 10 mg/kg/d | Fever duration, Cough duration, CRP change |
Ren Mingxing 2015 | China | 2011–2013 | 33; 8.9 ± 2.4 | 34; 9.3 ± 3.0 | MPD 2 mg/kg/d for 5 days then reduced to 1 mg/kg/d for 2 days | IV infusion of aspartate AZM 10 mg/kg/d for 3 days; daily IV infusion of gamma globulin 1.5 g/kg for 3 days; IV infusion of rifampicin 10 mg/kg/d for 3 days then stopped for 4 days then change to oral administration of AZM 10 mg/kg/d for 3 days then stopped for 4 days. Total duration of treatment was 7 days for one course of treatment and was continued for 3 weeks | Fever duration, Hospital days, CRP change |
Shan Li-Shen 2017 [35] | China | 2013–2015 | 52; 7.36 ± 2.33 | 50; 7.29 ± 3.03 | Oral or IV MPD 2 mg/kg/d for 3 days | IV AZM | Fever duration, CRP change, LDH change, D-dimer change |
Shao Xiaoli 2011 [12] | China | 2008–2010 | 38; 6.37 ± 2.83 | 38; 6.87 ± 2.86 | Small dose of MPD for 3–4 weeks | Macrolide antibiotics | Fever duration, Hospital days, Cough duration, Chest X-ray change |
Tao Xuyun 2015 | China | 2013–2014 | 75; 7.4 ± 1.4 | 75; 7.3 ± 1.3 | IV MPD 2 mg/kg/d for 4–5 days then on 5–7 day of treatment, dose increased to 4 mg/kg/d according to patient symptoms. Then reduced to 1 mg/kg/d for 3 days after defervescence. | IV AZM (10 mg/kg/d) for 3 days then stopped for 4 days. Followed by oral AZM for 3 days then stopped for 4 days continued for 3 weeks with ceftazidime | Fever duration, Hospital day, Cough duration, Change in chest X-ray, CRP change |
Wang Hao 2016 [24] | China | 2013–2015 | 40; 5.10 ± 1.86 | 40; 4.86 ± 1.35 | 4 consecutive days with 2 mg/kg/d of MPD then reduced to 1 mg/kg/d | Daily IV infusion of AZM 10 mg/kg/d for 3 days. Then changed to 5 mg/kg/d of oral AZM, 3 times/day, for 3 days then stopped for 4 days | Fever duration, Hospital day, CRP change |
Wen Jianjun 2016 [23] | China |  | 65; 7.1 ± 4.5 | 65; 7.7 ± 4.5 | IV infusion of MPD (2 mg/d, 1–2 times) and reduced as symptoms improved | IV AZM 10 mg/kg/d for 3 days then stopped for 4 days. Changed to oral AZM after symptoms improve | Fever duration, Hospital days |
Wu Yourong 2017 [33] | China | 2013–2014 |  |  | MPD 2 mg/kg/d for 3 days. Then changed to 1 mg/kg/d for 2 days | IV infusion of AZM 10 mg/kg/d for 3 days. After 3 consecutive days of treatment, oral AZM (10 mg/kg/d) was administered for 3 days then stopped for 4 days | Fever duration, Hospital days |
Xu Jiali 2017 | China | 2015–2017 | 60; 6.8 ± 1.6 | 60; 7.1 ± 2.5 | Oral intake of MPD (2 mg/kg/d) for 3–5 days on 2nd day of treatment | Daily oral intake of AZM 10 mg/kg/d for 3 days then stopped for 4 days then repeated for 3–4 times | Fever duration, Hospital days, Cough duration, CRP change |
Yang Lijun 2015 [19] | China | 2012–2014 | 20 | 20 | IV administration of MPD (1 mg/kg/d) for 2 weeks | IV infusion of AZM (7–10 mg/kg/d) | Fever duration, Hospital days, Cough duration |
Yu Jieming 2017 [32] | China | 2014–2015 | 35; 5.6 ± 2.7 | 35; 5.7 ± 2.3 | IV infusion of MPD (2 mg/kg/d), 2 times/day. | IV infusion of erythromycin 20–30 mg/kg/d, 2 times/d. Change to oral AZM (10 mg/kg/d) after 48 h of defervescence | Fever duration, Cough duration, CRP change |
Zhang Xiang 2015 [21] | China | 2012–2013 | 32; 5 ± 2 | 32; 4 ± 1 | IV infusion of MPD (1–2 mg/kg/d) with nebulized budesonide, for 3–5 days; If symptoms don’t improve, oral administration of MPD was given for 3–5 days. | IV infusion of erythromycin 20–30 mg/kg/d, for 2 times/day, for 7 days; followed by oral administration of AZM 10 mg/kg/d (max. dose 0.5 g/d), for 3 days then stopped for 4 days | Fever duration, Hospital days |
Zhao Shuqing 2017 [34] | China | 2013–2015 | 29; 5.7 ± 2.4 | 29; 5.3 ± 2.5 | Daily IV MPD 1.5–2.0 mg/kg/d for 3 days, then changed to 1 mg/kg/d and tapering within 1 week | IV AZM 10 mg/kg/d on the 1st day, 5 mg/kg/d from 2nd to 5th day, 5 days as a total treatment course | Fever duration, Cough duration, CRP change |
Zheng Xuan 2016 [25] | China | 2015–2016 | 70; 5.5 ± 0.5 | 70; 5.1 ± 0.6 | IV infusion of MPD (2 mg/kg/d) for 3 days | IV infusion of AZM (10 mg/kg/d) for 3 days | Fever duration, Cough duration, CRP change |