Table 3 The overall incidence of cardiovascular events and stroke in COPD patients with cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease
| Â | Cardiovascular events, n (%) | Odds ratio | p | Strokes, n (%) | Odds ratio | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LAMA | ||||||
 With CVD (n = 317) | 60 (18.9) | 6.23 | < 0.001** | 9 (2.8) | 12.92 | 0.002* |
 Without (n = 443) | 16 (3.6) |  |  | 1 (0.2) |  |  |
 With CKD (n = 178) | 36 (20.2) | 3.08 | < 0.001** | 2 (1.1) | 0.72 | 0.673 |
 Without (n = 512) | 39 (7.6) |  |  | 8 (1.6) |  |  |
LABA | ||||||
 With CVD (n = 78) | 13 (16.7) | 16.4 | 0.001* | 0 (0.0) |  |  |
 Without (n = 83) | 1 (1.2) |  |  | 0 (0.0) |  |  |
 With CKD (n = 39) | 7 (17.9) | 3.34 | 0.027* | 0 (0.0) |  |  |
 Without (n = 114) | 7 (6.1) |  |  | 0 (0.0) |  |  |
LABA/LAMA | ||||||
 With CVD (n = 183) | 33 (18.0) | 5.89 | < 0.001** | 4 (2.2) | 2.46 | 0.287 |
 Without (n = 222) | 8 (3.6) |  |  | 2 (0.9) |  |  |
 With CKD (n = 102) | 23 (22.5) | 4.30 | < 0.001** | 3 (2.9) | 2.68 | 0.215 |
 Without (n = 268) | 17 (6.3) |  |  | 3 (1.1) |  |  |
ICS/LABA | ||||||
 With CVD (n = 236) | 30 (12.7) | 15.39 | < 0.001** | 3 (1.3) | N/A | 0.043* |
 Without (n = 320) | 3 (0.9) |  |  | 0 (0.0) |  |  |
 With CKD (n = 114) | 17 (14.9) | 4.09 | < 0.001** | 0 (0.0) | N/A | 0.332 |
 Without (n = 365) | 15 (4.1) |  |  | 3 (0.8) |  |  |
Triple therapy | ||||||
 With CVD (n = 110) | 13 (11.8) | 4.38 | 0.015* | 3 (2.7) | N/A | 0.095 |
 Without (n = 101) | 3 (3.0) |  |  | 0 (0.0) |  |  |
 With CKD (n = 55) | 8 (14.5) | 2.85 | 0.040* | 1 (1.8) | 1.30 | 0.833 |
 Without (n = 142) | 8 (5.6) |  |  | 2 (1.4) |  |  |