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Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

From: A comparison of diagnostic consistency for asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap and clinical characteristics study

Inclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria

1. Patients older than 40 years

2. Patients with chronic bronchial diseases (asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

1. Patients with severe cardiac, hepatic, renal, or other organ dysfunction

2. Patients with other lung diseases (bronchiolitis obliterans, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, bronchiectasis, pulmonary embolism, tuberculosis, and others)

3. History of regular corticosteroid or other immunosuppressive agent use for other diseases

4. Patients who could not provide prior informed consent or delayed informed consent