Cancer development in patients with COPD: a retrospective analysis of the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort in Korea

Song Vogue Ahn; Eunyoung Lee; Bumhee Park; Jin Hee Jung; Ji Eun Park; Seung Soo Sheen; Kwang Joo Park; Sung Chul Hwang; Jae Bum Park; Hae-Sim Park; Joo Hun Park

doi:10.1186/s12890-020-01194-8

Table 3 COPD as a risk factor for the development of major cancers by multi-variate cox regression analyses

From: Cancer development in patients with COPD: a retrospective analysis of the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort in Korea

	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)
	Model 1 Hazard ratio (95% CI)	p-value	Model 2 Hazard ratio (95% CI)	p-value	Model 3 Hazard ratio (95% CI)	p-value
Lung cancer
Never smoker without COPD	Reference		Reference		Reference
Former smoker without COPD	1.100 (1.035–1.170)	0.002	1.100 (1.035–1.169)	0.002	1.108 (1.043–1.178)	< 0.001
Smoker without COPD	1.752 (1.683–1.823)	< 0.001	1.749 (1.681–1.821)	< 0.001	1.689 (1.622–1.759)	< 0.001
Never smoker with COPD	2.086 (1.960–2.220)	< 0.001	2.086 (1.960–2.220)	< 0.001	2.046 (1.922–2.177)	< 0.001
Former smoker with COPD	2.295 (2.105–2.503)	< 0.001	2.294 (2.104–2.502)	< 0.001	2.267 (2.079–2.472)	0.001
Current smoker with COPD	3.654 (3.396–3.932)	< 0.001	3.650 (3.392–3.927)	< 0.001	3.456 (3.211–3.720)	< 0.001
Stomach cancer
Never smoker without COPD	Reference		Reference		Reference
Former smoker without COPD	1.105 (1.042–1.172)	0.001	1.104 (1.041–1.171)	0.001	1.111 (1.048–1.178)	< 0.001
Smoker without COPD	1.249 (1.198–1.302)	< 0.001	1.249 (1.197–1.302)	< 0.001	1.289 (1.184–1.289)	< 0.001
Never smoker with COPD	1.067 (0.976–1.167)	0.154	1.067 (0.976–1.167)	0.155	1.056 (0.966–1.155)	0.231
Former smoker with COPD	1.179 (1.060–1.312)	0.002	1.178 (1.060–1.311)	0.003	1.174 (1.055–1.306)	0.003
Current smoker with COPD	1.333 (1.208–1.470)	< 0.001	1.332 (1.208–1.470)	< 0.001	1.305 (1.183–1.440)	< 0.001
Colorectal cancer
Never smoker without COPD	Reference		Reference		Reference
Former smoker without COPD	1.045 (0.992–1.102)	0.096	1.043 (0.990–1.099)	0.113	1.046 (0.992–1.102)	0.095
Smoker without COPD	1.086 (1.046–1.128)	< 0.001	1.089 (1.048–1.131)	< 0.001	1.088 (1.047–1.130)	< 0.001
Never smoker with COPD	1.277 (1.197–1.374)	< 0.001	1.277 (1.186–1.374)	< 0.001	1.273 (1.183–1.370)	< 0.001
Former smoker with COPD	1.335 (1.221–1.460)	< 0.001	1.332 (1.218–1.456)	< 0.001	1.331 (1.217–1.455)	< 0.001
Current smoker with COPD	1.387 (1.278–1.505)	< 0.001	1.390 (1.281–1.509)	< 0.001	1.385 (1.276–1.503)	< 0.001
Liver cancer
Never smoker without COPD	Reference		Reference		Reference
Former smoker without COPD	1.034 (0.985–1.086)	0.181	1.031 (0.982–1.083)	0.219	1.040 (0.990–1.093)	0.116
Smoker without COPD	1.168 (1.128–1.209)	< 0.001	1.168 (1.128–1.210)	< 0.001	1.162 (1.122–1.204)	< 0.001
Never smoker with COPD	1.229 (1.139–1.322)	< 0.001	1.228 (1.138–1.325)	< 0.001	1.217 (1.128–1.313)	< 0.001
Former smoker with COPD	1.271 (1.162–1.391)	< 0.001	1.266 (1.157–1.386)	< 0.001	1.266 (1.157–1.386)	< 0.001
Current smoker with COPD	1.435 (1.321–1.560)	< 0.001	1.434 (1.320–1.559)	< 0.001	1.415 (1.302–1.537)	< 0.001

Model 1: adjusted for age and sex
Model 2: Model 1 + additional adjustment for history of hypertension, and history of diabetes mellitus
Model 3: Model 2 + additional adjustment for BMI and Exercise
Definition of abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, * = statistically significant hazard ratio (p-value < 0.01)

Back to article page

ISSN: 1471-2466

Contact us

Submission enquiries: bmcpulmonarymedicine@biomedcentral.com
General enquiries: info@biomedcentral.com

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Contact us