Table 1 Clinical characteristic between IPF cases admitted to academic vs non-academic hospitals, 2013–2017

Age, mean ± SD

74.5 ± 10.1

75.7 ± 10

< 0.001

Female, n (%)

25,035 (42.8)

15,785 (44.8)

< 0.001

Length of stay, mean ± SD

6.6 ± 7

5.7 ± 5

< 0.001

Race

< 0.001

 White, n (%)

42,330 (76.1)

27,950 (82.8)

 Black, n (%)

4785 (8.6)

1715 (5.1)

 Hispanic, n (%)

5130 (9.2)

2495 (7.4)

Ever smoker, n (%)

25,760 (44.1)

14,630 (41.5)

0.1

Elective admission, n (%)

6040 (10.4)

3750 (10.7)

< 0.001

Respiratory failure, n (%)

31,970 (54.7)

18,585 (52.8)

< 0.001

Mechanically ventilated IPF patients, n (%)

9900 (16.9)

5135 (14.6)

< 0.001

Bronchoscopy, n (%)

4935 (8.4)

1825 (5.2)

< 0.001

Dependence on long-term Oxygen, n (%)

21,320 (36.5)

11,235 (31.9)

< 0.001

 Chronic obstructive lung disease, n (%)

6010 (10.3)

6245 (17.7)

< 0.001

 Obstructive sleep apnea, n (%)

8530 (14.6)

4035 (11.5)

< 0.001

 Gastroesophageal reflux disorder, n (%)

19,785 (33.8)

10,435 (29.6)

< 0.001

 Pneumonia, n (%)

17,440 (29.8)

11,970 (34)

< 0.001

 Low body mass index, n (%)

2190 (3.7)

985 (2.8)

< 0.001

 Obesity, n (%)

7265 (12.4)

4015 (11.4)

< 0.001

 Frailty, n (%)

190 (0.3)

105 (0.3)

0.48

 Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

19,430 (33.2)

11,720 (33.3)

0.006

 New pulmonary embolism, n (%)

1570 (2.7)

780 (2.2)

< 0.001

 Asthma, n (%)

4240 (7.3)

2500 (7.1)

0.37

 Congestive heart failure, n (%)

15,580 (26.7)

9535 (27.1)

0.17

 Pulmonary circulation disease, n (%)

6640 (11.4)

3790 (10.8)

0.005

 Chronic renal disease, n (%)

12,215 (20.9)

6595 (18.7)

0.69

 Liver disease, n (%)

2150 (3.7)

1045 (3)

0.74

 Solid tumor w/o metastasis, n (%)

1755 (3)

1040 (3)

0.66

 Metastatic cancer, n (%)

1000 (1.7)

590 (1.7)

0.68

 Hypothyroidism, n (%)

11,460 (19.6)

7020 (19.9)

0.23

 Mean ± SD

4 ± 2

4 ± 2

0.22