Table 1 Characteristics of patients with severe COVID-19 treated with HFNC
Characteristics | All patients (n = 105) | Outcome of HFNC treatment | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Success (n = 65) | Failure (n = 40) | |||
Baseline characteristics | ||||
Age (years) | 64.0±11.3 | 59.5±10.9 | 71.3±7.6 | <0.001 |
Sex, male | 51 (48.6%) | 26 (40.0%) | 25 (62.5%) | 0.025 |
Smoking | 11 (10.5%) | 7 (10.8%) | 4 (10.0%) | 0.901 |
Comorbidities | 60 (57.1%) | 35 (53.8%) | 25 (62.5%) | 0.384 |
Lab tests at admission | ||||
LYM (× 109/L; normal range 1.1–3.2) | 0.63 (0.43–0.80) | 0.62 (0.49–0.79) | 0.70 (0.36–0.80) | 0.777 |
D–D (ug/ml; normal range 0.0–0.5) | 0.67 (0.42–4.19) | 0.62 (0.42–1.78) | 1.04 (0.46–5.00) | 0.056 |
CRP (mg/L; normal range 0.0–5.0) | 46.8 (28.2–83.5) | 45.6 (30.4–83.5) | 39.3 (23.4–85.4) | 0.946 |
Time from onset of symptom to hospital admission (days) | 10.0 (7.0–12.0) | 10.0 (7.0–12.0) | 9.0 (5.0–12.0) | 0.373 |
Time from admission to HFNC application (days) | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 0.129 |
PaO2/FiO2 at HFNC application | 116.0 (102.1–132.0) | 116.0 (102.7–128.0) | 112.8 (100.5–138.5) | 0.722 |
PSI | 76.0 (54.0–82.5) | 62.0 (49.0–80.0) | 81.5 (78.0–97.5) | <0.001 |
APACHE II of 24h admission | 8.0 (6.5–10.0) | 8.0 (5.0–10.0) | 9.0 (8.0–10.8) | 0.006 |
SOFA admission | 3.0 (3.0–4.0) | 3.0 (3.0–3.0) | 4.0 (3.0–5.0) | <0.001 |
Length of HFNC (days) | 5.0 (2.5–9.0) | 6.0 (3.5–8.5) | 3.0 (2.0–11.0) | 0.115 |
Length of hospital stay (days) | 14.0 (10.5–19.0) | 14.0 (12.0–20.0) | 11.5 (7.0–14.0) | 0.001 |