Table 2 Estimated duration of the lead time of lung cancer derived from randomized controlled trials of screening by Low dose computed tomography (LDCT)
Trial and authors | Study population (n) | Prevalence of lung cancers per 1000 at T0 | Average duration of screening (years) | Average annual incidence of confirmed screen-detected and interval lung cancers per 1000 during screening | Lead time (years) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interven-tion | Control | Interven-tion (a) | Control (b) | Intervention, screen- detected (c) | Intervention, interval (d) | Control, screen- detected (e) | Control, interval (f) | a/(c + d) | a/(e + f) | ||
Gohagan et al. 2005 [17]a | 1660 | 1658 | 18.1 | 4.2 | 1 | 4.8 | 1.2 | 5.4 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 2.3 |
NLST: Aberle et al. 2013 [18]b | 26,722 | 26,732 | 10.1 | 5.1 | 2 | 7.1 | 0.7 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 1.3 | 2.0 |
DANTE: Infante et al. 2015 [19]c | 1264 | 1186 | 22.9 | 8.4 | 4 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 0.4 | 13.1 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
ITALUNG: Paci et al. 2017 [20]d | 1613 | 1593 | 13.0 | 1.9 | 3 | 4.3 | Not given | NA | 5.0 | 3.0 | 2.6 |
DLCST: Saghir et al. 2012 [21]e | 2052 | 2052 | 8.3 | NA | 4 | 6.3 | 0.1 | NA | 2.8 | 1.3 | 2.9 |
LUISI: Becker et al. 2019 [22]f | 2029 | 2023 | 12.8* | 2.5* | 4 | 5.4 | 0.6 | NA | 3.7* | 2.1 | 3.5 |
MILD: Sverzellati et al. 2016 [23], Pastorino et al. 2019 [24]g | 2376 | 1723 | 7.2 | NA | 6.2 | 3.7 | 1.8 | NA | 5.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
NELSON: De Koning et al. 2020 [25]h | 6583 | 6612 | 9.0 | NA | 5.5 | 4.1 | 3.9 | NA | 8.4 | 1.1 | 1.1 |