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Table 3 Multivariable logistic regression model for development of COVID-19 in South Korea

From: Impact of coronavirus disease-2019 on chronic respiratory disease in South Korea: an NHIS COVID-19 database cohort study

Variable Multivariable model P-value
OR (95% CI)
Chronic respiratory diseases group (model1) 1.04 (0.99, 1.09) 0.156
Chronic respiratory diseases: sensitivity analyses (model2)   
 COPD 0.96 (0.85, 1.09) 0.553
 Asthma 1.01 (0.96, 1.07) 0.464
 Interstitial lung disease 1.63 (1.17, 2.26) 0.004
 Lung cancer 0.91 (0.67, 1.23) 0.533
 Lung disease d/t external agent 1.35 (0.99, 1.85) 0.061
 Obstructive sleep apnea 1.65 (1.23, 2.16)  < 0.001
 Tuberculosis of lung 0.92 (0.75, 1.11) 0.372
Age, year   
 20–29 1  
 30–39 0.94 (0.86, 1.02) 0.153
 40–49 0.86 (0.80, 0.93)  < 0.001
 50–59 0.74 (0.69, 0.79)  < 0.001
 60–69 0.60 (0.55, 0.66)  < 0.001
 70–79 0.47 (0.42, 0.52)  < 0.001
 ≥ 80 0.38 (0.33, 0.44)  < 0.001
Income level   
 Q1 (Lowest) 1  
 Q2 0.80 (0.75, 0.86)  < 0.001
 Q3 0.78 (0.73, 0.83)  < 0.001
 Q4 (Highest) 0.83 (0.78, 0.88)  < 0.001
 Unknown 0.75 (0.62, 0.91) 0.004
Sex, male 1.01 (0.96, 1.06) 0.678
Residence   
 Seoul 1  
 Gyeonggi-do 0.90 (0.82, 0.99) 0.038
 Daegu 0.96 (0.84, 1.10) 0.562
 Gyeongsangbuk-do 0.94 (0.84, 1.05) 0.271
 Other area 0.89 (0.79, 1.00) 0.053
Underlying disability 1.11 (1.00, 1.22) 0.041
Charlson comorbidity index (model 2) 1.19 (1.18, 1.20)  < 0.0001
 Hypertension 0.80 (0.74, 0.85)  < 0.001
 DM without chronic complication 1.75 (1.63, 1.88)  < 0.001
 DM with chronic complication 0.81 (0.71, 0.92) 0.001
 Peripheral vascular disease 0.75 (0.67, 0.83)  < 0.001
 Renal disease 0.91 (0.75, 1.11) 0.371
 Rheumatic disease 0.98 (0.85, 1.12) 0.734
 Dementia 1.96 (1.72, 2.22)  < 0.001
 Peptic ulcer disease 1.48 (1.37, 1.59)  < 0.001
 Hemiplegia or paraplegia 2.69 (2.11, 3.44)  < 0.001
 Moderate or severe liver disease 0.59 (0.33, 1.06) 0.076
 Mild liver disease 2.12 (1.99, 2.27)  < 0.001
 Cerebrovascular disease 0.99 (0.88, 1.11) 0.886
 Congestive heart failure 2.88 (2.60, 3.19)  < 0.001
 Myocardial infarction 4.55 (3.95, 5.24)  < 0.001
 Malignancy 2.04 (1.93, 2.15)  < 0.001
 Metastatic solid tumor 0.95 (0.84, 1.07) 0.387
 AIDS/HIV 4.21 (1.84, 9.64)  < 0.001
  1. AUC of the multivariable models: 0.81 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.81)
  2. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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BMC Pulmonary Medicine

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