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Table 1 Characteristics of the studies included in meta-analysis (n = 9)

From: The effect of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on serum S100B and NSE levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

First author, year

Country

Type of study

Case (Number/aMean age/cMale)

Control (Number/ aMean age/cMale)

Case (bBMI/ dAHI means)

Control (bBMI/ dAHI means)

Method

Method features

S100B

NSE

S100B

NSE

Jordan, 2002 [10]

Germany

CS

19/50.6/100

NA

32.8/−

NA

Cobas Core NSE enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit of Hoffmann-La Roche AG (Basel, Switzerland)

The detection limit of this assay was 0.02 μg/L

Braga, 2006 [15]

Brazil

CC

29/38/100

17/35/100

25.9/27

26.9/2

Immunoluminescent assay kit (LIA-mat Sangtec 100 BYK-Sangtec, Germany)

ECLIA kit (Roche Diagnostics Corporation, USA)

Standard curve was linear up to 20 mg/L, and the coefficient variation was within 5%.

The coefficient of variation was less than 5%

Sonka, 2007 [16]

Czech Republic

CS

60/51.7/100

NA

NA

NA

ECLIA kit (Roche Diagnostics Corporation, USA)

da Silva, 2008 [17]

Brazil

CS

25/39.92/40

NA

47.86/36

NA

Immunoluminescent assay kit (LIA-mat Sangtec 100

BYK-Sangtec, Germany)

Elecsys-2010 (Roche Diagnostics Corporation®)

Standard curve was linear up to 20 mg/L, and the coefficient of variation was within 5%.

The coefficient of variation was less than 5%

Ergün, 2010 [18]

Turkey

CC

37/47/73

30/42/76.7

28.4/37

28.2/1

Radioimmunassay

Nor mal range was considered as 5–14 μmol/L

Duru, 2012 [19]

Turkey

CC

43/47.2/58.1

25/43.7/68

29.6/37.5

27/37.4

ELISA kit (Dia Metra, Italy)

Oztürk, 2012 [20]

Turkey

CC

26/56/80.7

28/56/71.4

28.8/51

27.7/−

ELISA kit (Bio Vendor Research and Diagnostic Products, Czech Republic)

Intra-assay and the inter-assay variation coefficients were 3.8 and 5.2%, respectively. Assay range was 0.05–2 μg/L

Traxdorf, 2016 [21]

Germany

CC

34/46.5/91.2

20/30.5/75

27.2/24.2

22.5/−

ELISA kit (Human S100B ELISA plate, Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany)

Cut-off limit of 0.10 μg/L (The approximate range of the system was 2.7–2000 pg/mL with a CV of 3% in intra-assay and 2–4.4% in the inter-assay analysis.)

Riad, 2017 [22]

Egypt

CC

55/44.1/56.4

34/45.1/50

35.7/12

30.6/2

ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota)

The area under the curve was 0.998 with 96.4 sensitivity and 99.7% specificity at cutoff value of 21

  1. Abbreviations: CC case-control, CS cross-sectional, BMI body mass index, AHI apnea–hypopnea index, NSE Neuron-specific enolase, S100B Astrocytic protein, ECLIA Electrochemiluminescent assay, ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
  2. Units: ayear, bkg/m2, c percent, and devents/hour