Table 1 Characteristics of the included study and summary of the outcome
First author (year) | Type of trial | Age (years) | Patients Included | Interventions and dose | sedation levels | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mechanical ventilation (days) | 28-day mortality (n) | ||||||
Tasdogan et al, 2009 [13] | Single-center Not blind | 19-78 | 40 septic patients 1. 20 in the control group 2. 20 in experimental group | 1. Control: propofol Loading: 1 mg/kg over 15minutes Maintenance: 1-3 mg/kg/hr over a 24 hours 2. Experimental: dexmedetomidine Loading: 1μg/kg over 10minutes Maintenance: 0.2-2.5μg/kg/hr over a 24 hours | Ramsay score < 2 | Duration of mechanical ventilation in survivor (Medians[min-max]) 1. Control: 6 [4-9] 2. Experimental: 7 [5-10] | 1. Control:2 (20) 2. Experimental: 1 (20) |
Pandharipande et al, 2010 [7] | Two-center Double-blind | 44-68 | 63 septic patients 1. 32 in the control group 2. 31 in experimental group | 1. Control: lorazepam Start: 1 mg/hr. Maximum: 10 mg/hr 2. Experimental: dexmedetomidine Started: 0.15 μg /kg/hr. Maximum: 1.5 μg /kg/hr | RASS score 1 | Ventilator-free days (mean standard ± deviation) 1. control: 10.1± 10.3 2. Experimental: 15.2± 10.6 | 1. control : 13 (32) 2. Experimental: 5 (31) |
Guo, et al, 2016 [16] | Single-center No blind | 58.5±19 | 45 septic shock patients 1. 15 in the control group A 2. 16 in the control group B 3. 14 in experimental group | 1. Control A:midazolam 2. Control B: propofol 3. Experimental: dexmedetomidine 0.2-0.7 μg/kg/hr + propofol | RASS score -1 to -2 | Duration of mechanical ventilation (mean standard ±deviation) 1. Control A: 17.7±5.7 2. Control B: 16.9 ±5.7 3. Experimental: 14.2 ±5.7 | 1. Control A: 2 (15) 2. Control B: 2 (16) 3. Experimental: 2 (14) |
Kawazoe, et al, 2017 [8] | Multicenter blinded-endpoint | Control: 69 (13.6) Experimental: 68 (14.9) | 201 septic patients 1. 101 in the control group 2. 100 in experimental group | 1. Control: propofol + midazolam Propofol titrated 0.-3 mg/kg/hr Midazolam titrated 0-0.15 mg/kg/hr 2. Experimental: dexmedetomidine + propofol + midazolam dexmedetomidine started from 0.1 μg /kg/hr, titrated 0.1 – 0.7 μg /kg/hr minimum propofol /midazolam as needed | RASS score Day: 0 Night: -2 | Duration of mechanical ventilation (mean[IQR]) 1.Control: 6 [IQR 3-11] 2. Experimental: 6 [IQR 3-11] Ventilator-free days (mean[IQR]) 1. Control: 18 [IQR 0.5-23] 2. Experimental: 20 [IQR 5-24] | 1. Control: 28 (101) 2. Experimental: 19 (100) |