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Table 3 Univariate analyses of predictive factors for any lung function impairment stratified by sex

From: Decreased handgrip strength can predict lung function impairment in male workers: a cross sectional study

Sex

 

Men

Women

Lung function impairment

 

No

Yes

P value

No

Yes

P value

N

 

302

 

64

  

74

 

35

   

Age (years)

 

52

[19–62]

53

[19–60]

0.785

52

[21–60]

52

[26–57]

 

0.896

BMI (kg/m2)

 

23.1

[17.4–39.0]

23.45

[17.0–40.6]

0.727

22

[16.1–42.3]

20.8

[15.6–30.4]

 

0.14

Smoking status

ever

169

(56.0)

47

(73.4)

0.011

7

(9.5)

4

(11.4)

 

0.743

Passive smoking

ever

254

(84.1)

60

(93.8)

0.048

61

(82.4)

29

(82.9)

>

0.999

at home

currently

36

(11.9)

14

(21.9)

0.045

1

(1.4)

1

(2.9)

 

0.541

 

in childhood

217

(71.9)

57

(89.1)

0.004

18

(24.3)

9

(25.7)

>

0.999

while working

currently

34

(11.3)

11

(17.2)

0.209

33

(44.6)

13

(37.1)

 

0.536

 

previously

99

(32.8)

27

(42.2)

0.192

51

(68.9)

26

(74.3)

 

0.656

Hospitalization due to respiratory diseases in childhood

10

(3.3)

4

(6.2)

0.28

0

(0.0)

3

(8.6)

 

0.031

Hypertension

 

78

(25.8)

23

(35.9)

0.123

12

(16.2)

6

(17.1)

>

0.999

Diabetes mellitus

 

16

(5.3)

5

(7.8)

0.387

5

(6.8)

1

(2.9)

 

0.662

Dyslipidemia

 

152

(50.3)

35

(54.7)

0.583

36

(48.6)

9

(25.7)

 

0.036

Hyperuricemia

 

88

(29.1)

21

(32.8)

0.551

2

(2.7)

2

(5.7)

 

0.592

COPD assessment score

 

8.6

(4.95)

11.0

(6.42)

0.001

7.8

(4.74)

9.4

(7.8)

 

0.169

Handgrip strength (kg)

 

45.6

(6.11)

43.1

(8.29)

0.005

26.4

(5.79)

26.37

(3.85)

 

0.374

Sit to stand test (times)

 

30.0

(6.58)

28.8

(6.69)

0.2

28.5

(7.31)

27.8

(7.5)

 

0.644

  1. Data are shown in mean and (standard deviation) for continuous values and in number and (percentage) for categorical values. P values for comparisons between respiratory dysfunction or not were estimated by using Fisher’s exact tests or Mann-Whitney U tests where appropriate