Table 1 Characteristics of study participants
Number of patients, n (%) | 307 (100) |
City of Bydgoszcz, n (%) | 15 (4.89) |
City of Cracow (2 centres), n (%) | 54 (17.59) |
City of Gdansk, n (%) | 26 (8.47) |
City of Lodz, n (%) | 40 (13.03) |
City of Poznan, n (%) | 9 (2.93) |
City of Warsaw (2 centres), n (%) | 75 (24.43) |
City of Zabrze, n (%) | 75 (24.43) |
City of Zielona Gora, n (%) | 13 (4.23) |
Sex, male/female, n (%) | 237 (77.2)/70 (22.8) |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 68.83 (8.13) |
Smoking history | |
Never smokers, n (%) | 72 (23.45) |
Former smokers, n (%) | 211 (68.73) |
Active smokers, n (%) | 13 (4.23) |
No data, n (%) | 11 (3.58) |
Pack-years, median (IQR) | 30 (15–40) |
Comorbidities | |
Hypertension, n (%) | 192 (62.54) |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 98 (31.92) |
Hyperlipidaemia, n (%) | 126 (41.04) |
Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 39 (12.70) |
Heart failure, n (%) | 53 (17.26) |
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, n (%) | 114 (37.13) |
Diabetes, n (%) | 77 (25.08) |
Emphysema, n (%) | 51 (16.61) |
Depression, n (%) | 28 (9.12) |
Obstructive sleep apnoea, n (%) | 23 (7.49) |
Benign prostate hypertrophy, n (%) | 84 (27.36) |
Neoplastic disease history, n (%) | 24 (7.82) |
Hypothyroidism, n (%) | 27 (8.79) |
Osteoarthritis of the spine, n (%) | 24 (7.82) |
Diagnosis of IPF | |
Radiologic UIP pattern, n (%) | 260 (84.69) |
Radiologic possible UIP pattern + SLB, n (%) | 23 (7.49) |
Radiologic possible UIP pattern + TBLC, n (%) | 2 (0.65) |
Radiologic inconsistent for UIP pattern + SLB, n (%) | 3 (0.98) |
Radiologic UIP pattern + SLB, n (%) | 17 (5.54) |
TBLB, n (%) | 9 (2.93) |
TBLB result diagnostic for UIP, n (%) | 2/9 (22.22) |
Time from first symptoms to diagnosis (months), median (IQR) | 15.5 (9.75–30) |
Time from diagnosis to start of pirfenidone therapy (months), median (IQR) | 6 (2–23) |
Pulmonary function | |
FEV1 (l), median (IQR) | 2.29 (1.92–2.69) |
FEV1 (% of predicted), median (IQR) | 87.28 (71.88–90.42) |
FVC (l), median (IQR) | 2.88 (2.35–3.39) |
FVC (% of predicted), median (IQR) | 77.08 (67.02–88.43) |
TLCO (mmol/min/kPa), median (IQR) | 4.02 (3.2–5.03) |
TLCO (% of predicted), median (IQR) | 52.24 (42.56–64.55) |
Blood oxygenation | |
SpO2 at rest (%), median (IQR) | 95 (93–96) |
PaO2 at rest (n = 207), (mmHg), mean (SD) | 69.06 (9.75) |
6MWT | |
Distance (n = 165), (meters), median (IQR) | 490 (400–540) |
Desaturation, (∆%), median (IQR) | 7 (4–12) |
GAP score, median (IQR) | 3 (3–4) |
GAP index: | |
Stage I, n (%) | 170 (55.37) |
Stage II, n (%) | 124 (40.39) |
Stage III, n (%) | 13 (4.23) |
Oxygen therapy | |
Home oxygen therapy, n (%) | 51 (16.61) |
Ambulatory oxygen therapy (portable sources), n (%) | 21 (6.84) |
IPF treatment in the past before initiation of pirfenidone | |
No treatment, n (%) | 240 (78.18) |
CS, n (%) | 33 (10.75) |
NAC, n (%) | 1 (0.33) |
CS + NAC, n (%) | 0 (0) |
CS + NAC + AZA, n (%) | 1 (0.33) |
Clinical trial, n (%) | 32 (10.42) |