Table 1 Basic characteristics of patients in the three groups (\(\overline{x}\) ± s, n = 30)

Age (years)

55.6 ± 11.5

60.5 ± 11.6

58.3 ± 11.5

BMI (kg/m²)

24.3 ± 2.8

23.2 ± 2.9

23.1 ± 2.3

Procedure duration (min)

141.4 ± 31.2

139.7 ± 35.3

138.8 ± 42.0

Duration of anesthesia (min)

116.5 ± 25.6

125.1 ± 38

118.6 ± 40.1

ASA class I /II

12 /18

13/17

14/16

Hypertension

5

9

11

Diabetes

1

1

2

Surgical incision (Left chest/right chest)

8/22

10/20

11/19