Table 5 Univariate and multivariable predictors of 28-day mortality since hospitalization
From: Covid-19 and gender: lower rate but same mortality of severe disease in women—an observational study
Univariate model (all candidate predictors) | Multivariable model (selected predictors*) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | |
Male sex | 1.75 (1.10–2.80) | 0.019 | 1.05 (0.47–2.37) | 0.898 |
Age—y | ||||
≤ 59 | 1.00 (Ref.) | – | 1.00 (Ref.) | – |
60–69 | 3.19 (1.40–7.29) | 0.006 | 2.84 (0.91–8.86) | 0.072 |
70–77 | 8.99 (4.14–19.54) | < 0.001 | 13.36 (4.39–40.60) | < 0.001 |
≥ 78 | 19.59 (8.89–43.15) | < 0.001 | 31.73 (9.29–108.44) | < 0.001 |
Former smoker | 2.17 (1.31–3.58) | 0.003 | – | – |
Hypertension | 3.09 (2.00–4.78) | < 0.001 | – | – |
Diabetes | ||||
No diabetes | 1.00 (Ref.) | – | – | – |
Diabetes, not insulin dependent | 1.76 (0.98–3.13) | 0.057 | – | – |
Diabetes, insulin dependent | 3.51 (1.52–8.08) | 0.003 | – | – |
Chronic Kidney Failure | 2.56 (1.22–5.36) | 0.012 | – | – |
COPD | 1.98 (1.04–3.79) | 0.039 | – | – |
Active hematologic malignancy | 5.41 (1.41–20.72) | 0.014 | – | – |
Previous Myocardial Infarction | 3.23 (1.79–5.83) | < 0.001 | – | – |
Vasculopathy | 3.18 (1.78–5.68) | < 0.001 | – | – |
ACE–inhibitors | 2.09 (1.25–3.49) | 0.005 | – | – |
OAT/DOACs | 1.96 (1.08–3.54) | 0.026 | – | – |
Antiplatelets | 3.10 (1.98–4.87) | < 0.001 | – | – |
Immunosuppression | 2.20 (1.01–4.82) | 0.048 | – | – |
Flu vaccine | 2.53 (1.51–4.25) | < 0.001 | – | – |
Symptoms onset—ER, per 1-day increase | 0.92 (0.87–0.97) | 0.001 | – | – |
Cough | 0.61 (0.40–0.91) | 0.016 | – | – |
Dyspnea before admission | 1.66 (1.09–2.52) | 0.018 | – | – |
Systemic symptoms | 0.61 (0.39–0.96) | 0.032 | – | – |
CPAP/NIV in the first 24 h | 4.73 (2.97–7.53) | < 0.001 | 7.07 (3.20–15.61) | < 0.001 |
PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 200 | 3.73 (2.26–6.14) | < 0.001 | 3.05 (1.49–6.24) | 0.002 |
Blood urea, per 1-unit increase | 1.02 (1.01–1.02) | < 0.001 | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.041 |