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Table 2 Comparison of clinical, demographic characteristics and quality of life between patients with and without insomnia

From: Insomnia in adults with cystic fibrosis: strong association with anxiety/depression and impaired quality of life

  Patients with insomnia (ISI > 7) (n = 12) Patients without insomnia (ISI ≤ 7) (n = 16) p
Age (years) 22 (18–26) 27 (22–33) 0.62
Sex (M/F) 6 (50%)/6 (50%) 12 (75%)/4 (25%) 0.24
BMI (kg/m2) 21 (20–25) 22 (20–26) 0.98
Anxiolytic (n = 27) 2 (17%) 0 (0%) 0.18
Screen time (h/day) 7 (5–8) 5 (4–8) 0.74
Coffee intake (cups/day) 0 (0–2) 1 (1–2) 0.36
Tea intake (cups/day) 0 (0–1) 1 (0–1) 0.41
Alcohol intake (g/day) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–3) 0.73
Shift work 0 (0%) 2 (13%) 0.49
Insomnia Severity Index    
 ISI score 14 (13–18) 3 (3–5)  < 0.0001
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index    
 PSQI score 9 (7–12) 3 (3–4)  < 0.0001
 PSQI > 5 11 (92%) 2 (13%)  < 0.0001
Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire    
 MEQ score 49 (41–57) 55 (52–62) 0.03
 Morning type 2 (17%) 6 (38%) 0.40
 Neither type 6 (50%) 10 (62%) 0.70
 Evening type 4 (33%) 0 (0%) 0.02
Epworth Sleepiness scale    
 ES score 5 (5–9) 5 (4–6) 0.55
 ES score > 10 1 (8%) 0 (0%) 0.43
Numeric rating scale for pain (n = 22) 3 (1–4) 0 (0–1)  < 0.05
Berlin scale    
 Berlin score 1 (0–2) 0 (0–1) 0.07
 Berlin > 1 4 (33%) 1 (6%) 0.13
Restless Legs Syndrome 5 (42%) 0 (0%)  < 0.01
 IRLS score 0 (0–13) 0 (0–0)  < 0.05
 0 ≤ IRLS score ≤ 10 (mild RLS) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 1.00
 11 ≤ IRLS score ≤ 40 (moderate to very severe RLS) 5 (42%) 0 (0%)  < 0.01
Hospital Anxiety Depression scale    
 Anxiety HAD score 9 (8–11) 4 (3–6)  < 0.0001
 Anxiety HAD score > 7 9 (75%) 1 (6%)  < 0.001
 Depression HAD score 7 (5–10) 1 (1–4)  < 0.001
 Depression HAD score > 7 5 (42%) 0 (0%)  < 0.01
CFQ-R score    
 Physical functioning 52 (29–79) 83 (75–92)  < 0.05
 Vitality 42 (25–42) 67 (50–83)  < 0.001
 Emotional functioning 64 (40–73) 93 (87–100)  < 0.001
 Eating problems 89 (67–100) 100 (89–100) 0.20
 Treatment burden 67 (44–78) 78 (56–89) 0.24
 Health perception 56 (33–67) 67 (56–78)  < 0.05
 Social functioning 61 (39–67) 83 (78–94)  < 0.01
 Body image 56 (33–67) 78 (67–89)  < 0.001
 Role limitations 71 (58–75) 92 (92–100)  < 0.001
 Weight problems 67 (33–100) 67 (33–100) 0.98
 Respiratory symptoms 56 (56–78) 78 (67–94)  < 0.05
 Digestive symptoms 78 (67–89) 89 (89–100)  < 0.05
  1. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range) and as number (percentage) of patients
  2. ISI: Insomnia Severity Index, PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, MEQ: Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, ES: Epworth Sleepiness Scale, RLS: Restless Legs Syndrome, IRLS: International Restless Legs Syndrome Scale, HAD: Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. CFQ-R: Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised
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