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Table 5 Correlation of serum procalcitonin and tracheal aspirate results with ventilator-associated pneumonia diagnostic algorithms

From: A comparison of diagnostic algorithms and clinical parameters to diagnose ventilator-associated pneumonia: a prospective observational study

Criteria

Serum Procalcitonin Level, ng/mL

Kappa (ĸ) index, agreement level a

(p-Value)

Tracheal Culture

Kappa (ĸ) index, agreement level a

(p-Value)

 < 0.25

0.25–0.5

 > 0.5

Total

Positive

Negative

Total

Johanson, n (%)

Positive

10 (15.4)

9 (13.8)

46 (70.8)

65

0.47, moderate

(< 0.001)

61 (93.8)

4 (6.2)

65

0.579, moderate

(< 0.001)

Negative

18 (90)

0

2 (10)

20

8 (40)

12 (60)

20

Total

28 (32.9)

9 (10.6)

48 (56.5)

85 (100)

 

69 (81.2)

16 (18.8)

85 (100)

CDC/NHSN, n (%)

Positive

26 (31.3)

10 (12.0)

47 (56.6)

83

0.06, slight

(0.58)

67 (80.7)

16 (19.3)

83

0.04, slight

(0.49)

Negative

2 (100)

0

0

2

2 (100)

0

2

Total

28 (32.9)

10 (11.8)

47 (55.3)

85 (100)

 

69 (81.2)

16 (18.8)

85 (100)

CPIS, n (%)

Positive

11 (17.5)

8 (12.7)

44 (69.8)

63

0.42, moderate

(< 0.001)

61 (96.8)

2 (3.2)

63

0.663, substantial

(< 0.001)

Negative

17 (77.3)

1 (4.5)

4 (18.2)

22

8 (36.4)

14 (63.6)

22

Total

28 (32.9)

9 (10.6)

48 (56.5)

85 (100)

 

69 (81.2)

16 (18.8)

85 (100)

  1. CDC/NHSN: centers for disease control and prevention national health safety network; CPIS: Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score, HELICS: Hospital in Europe Link for Infection Control through Surveillance
  2. aAgreement based on score: ≤ 0 (no agreement); 0.01–0.20 (slight); 0.21–0.40 (fair); 0.41– 0.60 (moderate); 0.61–0.80 (substantial); and 0.81–1.00 (almost perfect agreement)