Level of evidence | ILATF | BTS | IAB | JICS |
---|---|---|---|---|
High Evidence | GRADE A: requires at least one randomized control trial as part of a body of literature of overall good quality and consistency addressing the specific recommendation | GRADE A/B | 1 + + and 1 + | “Level 1: High‐quality evidence supported by findings from well‐executed randomized controlled trials or unequivocal evidence from well‐conducted observational studies with strong effects” | "Level 1: High‐quality evidence supported by findings from well‐executed randomized controlled trials or unequivocal evidence from well‐conducted observational studies with strong effects " |
Moderate Evidence | Grade B: requires availability of well-conducted clinical studies but no randomized clinical trials on the topic of the recommendation | GRADE C/D | 1-/2 + /2 + + | Level 2: Moderate‐quality evidence from randomized trials or from several observational studies with some limitations (inconsistency, indirectness, flaws in conduct, reporting bias, imprecise estimates, small sample size, or others) | Level 2: Moderate‐quality evidence from randomized trials or from several observational studies with some limitations (inconsistency, indirectness, flaws in conduct, reporting bias, imprecise estimates, small sample size, or others) |
Low Evidence | "Grade C: requires evidence from expert committee reports or opinions and clinical experience of respected authorities." | Important practice point | 3 and 4 | "Level 3: Low‐quality evidence from observational studies or from controlled trials with serious limitations UPP: Not supported by sufficient evidence; however, a consensus reached by the working group, based on clinical experience and expertise " | "Level 3: Low‐quality evidence from observational studies or from controlled trials with serious limitations UPP: Not supported by sufficient evidence; however, a consensus reached by the working group, based on clinical experience and expertise " |