Fig. 3

Different treatment strategies prescribed to the subjects per ABCD group, and registration of them to the GOLD 2017 guidelines. ICS: inhaled corticosteroids, LABA: long-acting β adrenoreceptor agonists, LAMA: long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists, #: 2 bronchodilators of the same type plus ICS, ##: 3 or more bronchodilators