Table 4 On-treatment COPD-related medical costs for the UMEC/VI and TIO cohorts
|  | UMEC/VI (N = 3929) | TIO (N = 3929) | Cost difference (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
On-treatment period, mean days (SD) [median] | 203.0 (249.0) [90] | 139.4 (197.9) [60] | – | – |
COPD-related medical costs, $US 2019 PPPM, mean (SD) | ||||
 Total medical costs | 867 (3259) | 1095 (7958) | − 228 (− 504, − 15) | 0.028 |
 Hospitalizations | 406 (1837) | 461 (2414) | − 54 (− 161, 49) | 0.309 |
 ER visits | 123 (2275) | 125 (707) | − 2 (− 38, 36) | 0.914 |
 Outpatient visits | 296 (1129) | 462 (7433) | − 166 (− 409, − 7) | 0.036 |
 Other visits | 41 (181) | 48 (176) | − 6 (− 15, 3) | 0.184 |