Table 1 Characteristics of CTEPH subjects of different severity
From: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and pulmonary function testing for predicting the severity of CTEPH
Variables | Total | Mild | Moderate | Severe | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical characteristics | |||||
Age (years) | 61.2 ± 11.2 | 65.5 ± 9.9 | 59.8 ± 9.3 | 60.4 ± 12.0 | 0.418 |
Sex, n (female/male) | 31/24 | 4/6 | 7/3 | 20/15 | 0.396 |
Height (m) | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 0.527 |
Weight (kg) | 63.3 ± 12.9 | 65.3 ± 12.0 | 56.4 ± 12.1 | 64.7 ± 13.1 | 0.178 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.6 ± 3.2 | 23.6 ± 2.9 | 20.8 ± 3.3 | 24.4 ± 2.9 | 0.016 |
WHO classification II/III/IV, n | 15/39/1 | 6/4/0 | 3/6/1 | 6/29/0 | 0.017 |
Blood test | |||||
NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 809.0 (296.9,2284.0) | 143.0 (63.8,286.7) | 648.5 (266.3,2049.0) | 1082.0 (642.0,2674.0) | 0.001 |
Right heart catheterization parameters | |||||
PAP (mm Hg) | 48.3 ± 13.2 | 28.6 ± 3.3 | 39.5 ± 3.9 | 56.4 ± 8.0 | < 0.001 |
PAWP (mm Hg) | 7.0 (4.0,9.0) | 8.5 (5.5,10.3) | 4.0 (3.0,9.3) | 7.0 (4.0,9.0) | 0.250 |
CO (L/min) | 5.0 ± 1.4 | 5.8 ± 1.7 | 4.8 ± 1.4 | 4.9 ± 1.3 | 0.221 |
CI (L/min/m2) | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 0.283 |
PVR (wood u) | 9.0 ± 4.2 | 3.7 ± 1.3 | 7.6 ± 2.4 | 10.9 ± 3.8 | 0.011 |
RAP (mm Hg) | 3.0 (1.0,6.0) | 0.5 (0,4.5) | 1.0 (0,1.3) | 4.0 (2.0,7.0) | 0.001 |
Pulmonary function testing parameters | |||||
FVC (L) | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 1.1 | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 0.790 |
FVC (% Pred) | 84.4 ± 15.8 | 88. 8 ± 15.6 | 86.3 ± 24.9 | 82.6 ± 12.5 | 0.508 |
FEV1 (L) | 2.1 ± 0.7 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 2.2 ± 0.8 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 0.488 |
FEV1 (% Pred) | 79.5 ± 17.1 | 85.7 ± 14.0 | 87.0 ± 23.9 | 75.6 ± 14.7 | 0.076 |
FEV1/FVC (%) | 75.9 ± 8.8 | 78.8 ± 9.3 | 81.7 ± 8.0 | 73.4 ± 8.0 | 0.041 |
RV (L) | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 2.6 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 0.562 |
RV (% Pred) | 126.8 ± 34.3 | 122.6 ± 46.1 | 134.9 ± 27.4 | 125.7 ± 32.9 | 0.700 |
TLC (L) | 5.1 ± 1.3 | 5.3 ± 1.5 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.0 ± 1.3 | 0.629 |
TLC (% Pred) | 100.6 ± 19.0 | 101.7 ± 26.0 | 104.7 ± 15.4 | 99.1 ± 18.0 | 0.698 |
RV/TLC (%) | 47.3 (41.8,53.8) | 48.3 (39.0,53.8) | 49.0 (39.4,61.0) | 47.2 (42.0,56.1) | 0.910 |
SB DLCO (% Pred) | 81.8 ± 19.2 | 81.4 ± 25.2 | 85.0 ± 28.7 | 81.0 ± 14.0 | 0.843 |
Specific medications | |||||
PDE-5 inhibitors (n, %) | 38 (69.1%) | 9 (90.0%) | 5 (50.0%) | 24 (68.6%) | 0.153 |
ERAs (n, %) | 33 (60.0%) | 0 | 7 (70.0%) | 26 (74.3%) | 0.000 |
Prostacyclin analogs (n, %) | 1 (1.8%) | 1 (10.0%) | 0 | 0 | 0.101 |
sGC activators | 3 (5.5%) | 0 | 0 | 3 (8.6%) | 0.404 |
Combination (n, %) | 20 (36.4%) | 0 | 2 (20.0%) | 18 (51.4%) | 0.006 |