Table 4 Factors associated with undiagnosed obstructive lung disease (OLD), multivariate analyses in participants with airflow limitation

Gender

 Men

1

1

 Women

1.12

(0.96–1.30)

1.05

(0.90–1.23)

Age

 For 10-year increase

0.96

(0.89–1.02)

0.98

(0.92–1.05)

ISCED education level

  ≤ 4 (≤ upper secondary)

1

1

  ≥ 5 (tertiary)

0.92

(0.78–1.08)

0.93

(0.79–1.15)

Tobacco consumption

 Never

1

1

 Ever < 10 pack-years

0.97

(0.79–1.19)

0.95

(0.78–1.14)

 Ever ≥ 10 pack-years

1.36

(1.11–1.67)

1.35

(1.11–1.64)

Respiratory symptoms

  ≥ 1

1

1

 No

1.67

(1.42–1.97)

1.51

(1.28–1.78)

Cardiovascular comorbidities

 No

1

1

 Yes

0.95

(0.74–1.22)

1.01

(0.79–1.28)

FEV₁% predicted

 For 10-point increase

1.12

(1.06–1.19)