|
Variables
|
Number of events/cases (%)
|
Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)
|
P value
|
|---|
| |
Exposure group
|
Reference group
| | |
|---|
|
Male gender
|
21/77 (27.3%)
|
8/17 (47.3%)
|
0.90 (0.18–4.40)
|
0.89
|
|
Age (per 10-year increase)
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
0.83 (0.41–1.66)
|
0.60
|
|
BMI (per 1 kg/m2 increase)
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
1.03 (0.86–1.22)
|
0.76
|
|
FEV1 (per 1 L increase)
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
0.29 (0.10–0.76)
|
0.02
|
|
Inhaled long-acting bronchodilator use
|
22/68 (32.4%)
|
7/26 (26.9%)
|
8.42 (0.93–108)
|
0.07
|
|
ICS use
|
17/64 (26.6%)
|
12/30 (40.0%)
|
0.07 (0.01–0.59)
|
0.02
|
|
COPD-like features
| | | | |
|
Smoking history ≥ 10 pack-years
|
28/87 (32.2%)
|
1/7 (14.3%)
|
3.32 (0.34–80.7)
|
0.36
|
|
Emphysema
|
22/64 (34.4%)
|
7/30 (23.3%)
|
1.32 (0.39–4.77)
|
0.66
|
|
Asthmatic features
| | | | |
|
Eosinophilic component
|
18/56 (32.1%)
|
11/38 (28.9%)
|
1.65 (0.51–5.71)
|
0.41
|
|
High FeNO
|
11/44 (25.0%)
|
18/50 (36.0%)
|
0.51 (0.15–1.61)
|
0.26
|
|
Positive levels for total IgE and/or IgE specific to perennial inhalant antigens
|
21/75 (28.0%)
|
8/19 (42.1%)
|
0.51 (0.12–2.06)
|
0.34
|
|
Bronchial reversibility
|
5/18 (27.8%)
|
24/76 (31.6%)
|
1.08 (0.24–4.20)
|
0.92
|
- Adjustment was made for age, gender, BMI, FEV1, long-acting bronchodilator use, ICS use, a smoking history of > 10 pack-years, emphysema, high FeNO, bronchial reversibility, an eosinophilic component, and positive levels for total IgE and/or IgE specific to perennial inhalant antigens. The eosinophilic component was defined as blood eosinophil ≥ 5% and/or ≥ 300/µl. High FeNO was defined as ≥ 35 parts per billion. Bronchial reversibility was defined as ≥ 12% and ≥ 200 ml reversibility in post-bronchodilator FEV1. Positive levels for total IgE were defined as > 170 IU/ml
- OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; N/A, not applicable
