Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between survivors and non-survivors
|  | Total (n = 178) | Survivors (n = 158) | Non-survivors (n = 20) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 60.0 ± 11.8 | 59.6 ± 11.1 | 62.9 ± 16.6 | 0.407 |
Male sex | 96 (53.9) | 89 (56.3) | 7 (35.0) | 0.095 |
Ever smoker | 66 (37.1) | 60 (38.0) | 6 (30.0) | 0.625 |
Underlying disease | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hematological malignancy | 58 (32.6) | 53 (33.5) | 5 (25.0) | 0.467 |
 Solid cancer | 70 (39.3) | 59 (37.3) | 11 (55.0) | 0.149 |
 Organ transplantation* | 42 (23.6) | 41 (25.9) | 1 (5.0) | 0.048 |
 Autoimmune disease | 31 (17.4) | 27 (17.1) | 4 (20.0) | 0.756 |
Diabetes mellitus | 45 (25.3) | 40 (25.3) | 5 (25.0) |  > 0.999 |
Chronic kidney disease | 30 (16.9) | 27 (17.1) | 3 (15.0) |  > 0.999 |
Previous steroid use** | 27 (15.2) | 20 (12.7) | 7 (35.0) | 0.016 |
Prophylaxis with TMP/SMX | 9 (5.1) | 6 (3.8) | 3 (15.0) | 0.066 |
Initial laboratory tests | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Albumin, g/dL (n = 177) | 2.4 ± 0.5 | 2.4 ± 0.5 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 0.079 |
 C-reactive protein, mg/dL (n = 177) | 12.3 ± 8.9 | 11.4 ± 8.6 | 19.4 ± 8.6 |  < 0.001 |
 Lactate dehydrogenase, IU/L (n = 153), median [IQR] | 375.0 [271.0–474.5] | 364.0 [268.8–470.5] | 427.0 [346.0–584.0] | 0.069 |
 Procalcitonin, ng/mL (n = 126), median [IQR] | 0.13 [0.06–0.41] | 0.13 [0.05–0.41] | 0.16 [0.06–1.04] | 0.593 |
 β-D-glucan, pg/mL (n = 132), median [IQR] | 72.8 [0.0–301.6] | 55.4 [0.0–314.9] | 98.5 [0.0–262.4] | 0.801 |
 Absolute neutrophil count, cells/μL, median [IQR] | 2775.0 [1547.5–5172.5] | 2775.0 [1605.0–4947.5] | 2960.0 [822.5–6767.5] | 0.924 |
Neutropenia within 6Â months before admission | 81 (45.5) | 74 (46.8) | 7 (35.0) | 0.350 |