Table 2 Risk of bias assessments based on the ROBINS-I assessment tool
1st Author | Overall | Risk of bias (ROBINS-I) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ranking | Bias due to confounding | Bias due to selection bias | Bias due to classification of intervention | Bias due to deviations from the intended intervention | Bias due to missing data | Bias in measurement of outcome | Bias in selection of the reported results | |
Yang | Serious | Serious | Serious | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Serious |
Parimon | Serious | Serious | Serious | Low | Low | Low | Low | Serious |
Kiri | Serious | Serious | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Serious |
Liu | Serious | Serious | Serious | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Serious |
Sandelin | Serious | Serious | Serious | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Serious |
Sorli | Serious | Serious | Serious | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Serious |
Raymakers | Serious | Serious | Low | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Serious |
Husebo | Serious | Serious | Serious | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Serious |
Suissa | Serious | Serious | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Serious |
Lee | Serious | Serious | Low | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Serious |
Yang | Serious | Serious | Serious | Serious | Serious | Serious | Moderate | Serious |
Wu | Serious | Serious | Serious | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Serious |
Hyun | Serious | Serious | Serious | Serious | Serious | Serious | Moderate | Serious |
Jian | Serious | Serious | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Serious |