Mixed venous oxygen tension is a crucial prognostic factor in pulmonary hypertension: a retrospective cohort study

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for patients with PAH (N = 138)

Variable	Univariate		Multivariate model 1		Multivariate model 2
Variable	HR (95% CIv)	P	HR (95% CIv)	P	HR (95% CIv)	P
Age (years)	1.03 (1.012–1.047)	< 0.001	1.04 (1.018–1.057)	< 0.001	1.03 (1.012–1.050)	< 0.001
RAP (mmHg)	0.99 (0.928–1.058)	0.822	0.95 (0.877–1.015)	0.124
mPAP (mmHg)	1.03 (1.008–1.048)	0.008
CI (L/min/m²)	0.23 (0.142–0.367)	< 0.001	0.42 (0.244–0.706)	< 0.001
PVR (W.U)	1.15 (1.110–1.196)	< 0.001
PaO₂ (mmHg)	0.98 (0.958–0.997)	0.026
PvO₂ (mmHg)	0.87 (0.816–0.918)	< 0.001	0.86 (0.784–0.931)	< 0.001
PvO₂ < 35 mmHg	2.86 (1.719–4.774)	< 0.001			3.13 (1.707–5.735)	< 0.001
RAP ≥ 8 mmHg	0.60 (0.312–1.156)	0.108			0.58 (0.288–1.178)	0.132
CI < 2.5 L/min/m²	3.65 (2.151–6.183)	< 0.001			2.87 (1.599–5.146)	< 0.001
SvO₂ (mmHg)	0.94 (0.918–0.964)	< 0.001
A-aDO₂ (mmHg)	1.03 (1.013–1.052)	0.001
BNP (pg/mL)	1.00 (1.001–1.002)	< 0.001
6MWD (m)	0.99 (0.990–0.997)	0.001
FVC, %pred. (%)	0.99 (0.970–1.003)	0.111
DLCO, %pred. (%)	0.98 (0.964–0.996)	0.017
WHO functional class I + II (vs. III + IV)	0.31 (0.176–0.534)	< 0.001
Medication	0.33 (0.196–0.543)	< 0.001	0.15 (0.084–0.285)	< 0.001	0.18 (0.100–0.321)	< 0.001

Statistically significant, P < 0.05, are shown in bold
A-aDO₂ alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, BNP brain natriuretic peptide, CI cardiac index, CIv confidence interval, DLCO, %pred. percent predicted carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, FVC, %pred. percent predicted forced vital capacity, HR hazard ratio, mPAP mean pulmonary arterial pressure, PAH pulmonary arterial hypertension, PaO₂ arterial oxygen tension, PvO₂ mixed venous oxygen tension, PVR pulmonary vascular resistance, RAP right arterial pressure, SvO₂ mixed venous oxygen saturation, WHO World Health Organization, W.U Wood units, 6MWD 6-min walk distance
Model 1: Multivariate analysis by ESC/ERS risk stratification, medication and age
Model 2: Multivariate analysis by ESC/ERS and French risk stratification in yellow and red zone, medication and age

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