Mixed venous oxygen tension is a crucial prognostic factor in pulmonary hypertension: a retrospective cohort study

Table 6 Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for patients with CTEPH (N = 277)

Variable	Univariate		Multivariate model 1		Multivariate model 2
Variable	HR (95% CIv)	P	HR (95% CIv)	P	HR (95% CIv)	P
Age (years)	1.02 (0.995–1.041)	0.139	1.01 (0.987–1.032)	0.439	1.01 (0.986–1.030)	0.461
RAP (mmHg)	1.07 (1.009–1.137)	0.026	1.03 (0.952–1.117)	0.425
mPAP (mmHg)	1.02 (0.994–1.043)	0.136
CI (L/min/m²)	0.66 (0.426–0.996)	0.048	0.84 (0.521–1.353)	0.479
PVR (W.U)	1.11 (1.052–1.178)	< 0.001
PaO₂ (mmHg)	0.98 (0.955–1.011)	0.241
PvO₂ (mmHg)	0.91 (0.848–0.976)	0.008	0.89 (0.815–0.969)	0.007
PvO₂ < 35 mmHg	1.59 (0.873–2.913)	0.115			2.46 (1.140–5.307)	0.019
RAP ≥ 8 mmHg	2.13 (1.221–3.710)	0.011			1.69 (0.872–3.261)	0.126
CI < 2.5 L/min/m²	1.58 (0.944–2.639)	0.080			1.01 (0.554–1.855)	0.966
SvO₂ (mmHg)	0.94 (0.909–0.977)	0.001
A-aDO₂ (mmHg)	1.01 (0.986–1.035)	0.418
BNP (pg/mL)	1.00 (1.000–1.001)	0.056
6MWD (m)	0.99 (0.990–0.996)	< 0.001
FVC, %pred. (%)	0.99 (0.969–0.996)	0.011
DLCO, %pred. (%)	0.99 (0.977–1.003)	0.124
WHO functional class I + II (vs. III + IV)	0.41 (0.206–0.808)	0.005
Treatment
PEA/BPA (vs. PH medication)	0.20 (0.107–0.367)	< 0.001	0.19 (0.099–0.354)	< 0.001	0.20 (0.108–0.385)	< 0.001
PEA/BPA (vs. supportive)	0.14 (0.072–0.283)	< 0.001	0.09 (0.045–0.187)	< 0.001	0.10 (0.044–0.206)	< 0.001
PH medication (vs. supportive)	0.72 (0.376–1.377)	0.320	0.49 (0.249–0.959)	0.038	0.47 (0.225–0.961)	0.039

Statistically significant, P < 0.05, are shown in bold
A-aDO₂ alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, BNP brain natriuretic peptide, BPA balloon pulmonary angioplasty, CI cardiac index, CIv confidence interval, CTEPH chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, DLCO, %pred. percent predicted carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, FVC, %pred. percent predicted forced vital capacity, HR hazard ratio, mPAP mean pulmonary arterial pressure, PaO₂ arterial oxygen tension, PEA pulmonary endarterectomy, PH pulmonary hypertension, PvO₂ mixed venous oxygen tension, PVR pulmonary vascular resistance, RAP right arterial pressure, SvO₂ mixed venous oxygen saturation, WHO World Health Organization, W.U Wood units, 6MWD 6-min walk distance
Model 1: Multivariate analysis by ESC/ERS risk stratification, treatment and age
Model 2: Multivariate analysis by ESC/ERS and French risk stratification in yellow and red zone, treatment and age

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