Table 1 Single factor analysis of different characteristics of the two groups
Characteristics | Non-readmission (n = 828) | Readmission (n = 230) | χ2/Z value | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | ||||
60~69 | 341 (41.18) | 73 (31.74) | 8.997* | 0.011 |
70~79 | 349 (42.15) | 103 (44.78) | ||
≥ 80 | 138 (16.67) | 54 (23.48) | ||
Sex | ||||
Male | 509 (61.47) | 136 (59.13) | 0.415* | 0.519 |
Female | 319 (38.53) | 94 (40.87) | ||
BMI | ||||
< 18.5 kg/m2 | 141 (17.03) | 37 (16.09) | 5.330* | 0.149 |
18.5~23.9 kg/m2 | 328 (39.61) | 93 (40.43) | ||
24~27.9 kg/m2 | 245 (29.59) | 56 (24.35) | ||
≥ 28 kg/m2 | 114 (13.77) | 44 (19.13) | ||
Marital status | ||||
Married | 615 (74.28) | 179 (77.83) | 3.759* | 0.153 |
Unmarried | 62 (7.49) | 21 (9.13) | ||
Widowed | 151 (18.23) | 30 (13.04) | ||
Way of living | ||||
Not live alone | 746 (90.10) | 210 (91.30) | 0.301* | 0.583 |
Living alone | 82 (9.90) | 20 (8.70) | ||
Education level | ||||
Illiteracy | 340 (41.06) | 118 (51.30) | 16.568* | 0.002 |
Primary | 243 (29.35) | 73 (31.74) | ||
Junior high school | 153 (18.48) | 23 (10.00) | ||
High school or technical secondary school | 72 (8.69) | 14 (6.09) | ||
Junior college or above | 20 (2.42) | 2 (0.87) | ||
Professional | ||||
History of contamination | 26 (3.14) | 5 (2.17) | 0.591* | 0.442 |
No contamination | 802 (96.86) | 225 (97.83) | ||
Smoking status | ||||
Never smoker | 489 (59.06) | 115 (50.00) | 46.789* | < 0.001 |
Former smoker | 300 (36.23) | 73 (31.74) | ||
Current smoker | 39 (4.71) | 42 (18.26) | ||
Number of comorbid | ||||
≤ 2 | 684 (82.61) | 189 (82.17) | 0.024* | 0.878 |
> 2 | 144 (17.39) | 41 (17.83) | ||
Hypertension | ||||
Yes | 359 (43.36) | 113 (49.13) | 2.428* | 0.119 |
No | 469 (56.64) | 117 (50.87) | ||
Diabetes | ||||
Yes | 160 (19.32) | 65 (28.26) | 8.587* | 0.003 |
No | 668 (80.68) | 165 (71.74) | ||
CHD | ||||
Yes | 207 (25.00) | 39 (16.96) | 6.526* | 0.011 |
No | 621 (75.00) | 191 (83.04) | ||
Hypoproteinemia | ||||
Yes | 14 (1.69) | 7 (3.04) | 1.693* | 0.193 |
No | 814 (98.31) | 223 (96.96) | ||
Hospitalization times of acute exacerbation of COPD in the past 1 year | ||||
< 2 | 500 (60.39) | 87 (37.83) | 37.092* | < 0.001 |
≥ 2 | 328 (39.61) | 143 (62.17) | ||
Seasonal factors | ||||
Spring | 163 (19.68) | 55 (23.91) | 42.738* | < 0.001 |
Summer | 205 (24.76) | 21 (9.13) | ||
Fall | 232 (28.02) | 50 (21.74) | ||
Winter | 228 (27.54) | 104 (45.22) | ||
Long-term home oxygen therapy | ||||
Yes | 250 (30.19) | 46 (20.0) | 9.282* | 0.002 |
No | 578 (69.81) | 184 (80.0) | ||
Regular medication | ||||
Yes | 213 (25.72) | 34 (14.78) | 12.043* | 0.001 |
No | 615 (74.28) | 196 (85.22) | ||
Rehabilitation exercise | ||||
Yes | 276 (33.33) | 51 (22.17) | 10.497* | 0.001 |
No | 552 (66.67) | 179 (77.83) | ||
PaCO2 (mmHg) | 41.15 (36.00, 48.00) | 41.90 (36.00, 49.05) | − 0.878# | 0.380 |
PaO2 (mmHg) | 66.35 (58.78, 77.00) | 65.90 (59.90, 81.25) | − 0.277# | 0.782 |
SaO2 (%) | 92 (90, 94) | 92 (90, 94) | − 0.489# | 0.625 |
Respiration rate (times/minute) | 21 (20, 22) | 21 (20, 22) | − 0.774# | 0.439 |
Course of disease (years) | 4 (1, 10) | 6 (3, 10.50) | − 3.827# | < 0.001 |
ADL | ||||
Completely independent | 142 (17.15) | 16 (6.96) | − 2.963* | 0.003 |
Mild dysfunction | 482 (58.21) | 133 (57.83) | ||
Moderate dysfunction | 137 (16.55) | 47 (20.43) | ||
Severe dysfunction or complete dependence | 67 (8.09) | 34 (14.78) | ||
GDS | ||||
There is no depression | 376 (45.41) | 77 (33.48) | − 2.904* | 0.004 |
Mild depression | 356 (43.00) | 96 (41.74) | ||
Moderate to severe depression | 96 (11.59) | 57 (24.78) | ||
mMRC | ||||
Level 0 | 97 (11.71) | 8 (3.48) | − 4.141* | < 0.001 |
Level 1 | 208 (25.13) | 36 (15.65) | ||
Level 2 | 297 (35.87) | 51 (22.17) | ||
Level 3 | 185 (22.34) | 85 (36.96) | ||
Level 4 | 41 (4.95) | 50 (21.74) | ||
MNA-SF | ||||
Normal nutritional status | 268 (32.37) | 20 (8.70) | − 8.568* | < 0.001 |
Risk of malnutrition | 386 (46.62) | 87 (37.83) | ||
Malnutrition | 174 (21.01) | 123 (53.49) | ||
CAT | ||||
Slight symptoms | 26 (3.14) | 11 (4.78) | − 1.713* | 0.087 |
Medium | 287 (34.66) | 72 (31.30) | ||
Serious | 426 (51.45) | 127 (55.22) | ||
Very serious | 89 (10.75) | 20 (8.70) | ||