From: Clinical values of diaphragmatic movement in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
< 6.7 cm n=26 | ≥ 6.7 cm n=34 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FEV1 < 50% n=14 | FEV1 ≥ 50% n=12 | p-value | FEV1 < 50% n=12 | FEV1 ≥ 50% n=22 | p-value | |
Age (years) | 65.0 ± 7.8 | 72.7 ± 6.2 | 0.011 | 69.8 ± 7.2 | 70.9 ± 6.2 | 0.627 |
Sex (male) | 14 (100) | 12 (100) | 11 (91.7) | 22 (100) | 0.169 | |
Smoking | 0.292 | 0.655 | ||||
Never | 6 (42.9) | 6 (50.0) | 4 (33.3) | 10 (45.5) | ||
Current | 1 (7.1) | 3 (25.0) | 3 (25.0) | 3 (13.6) | ||
Former | 7 (50.0) | 3 (25.0) | 5 (41.7) | 9 (40.9) | ||
mMRC | 0.407 | 0.014 | ||||
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0) | 0 | ||
1 | 3 (21.4) | 4 (33.3) | 1 (8.3) | 13 (59.1) | ||
2 | 7 (50.0) | 7 (58.3) | 9 (75.0) | 8 (36.4) | ||
3 | 4 (28.6) | 1 (8.3) | 2 (16.7) | 1 (4.5) | ||
SGRQ | 38.3 ± 13.8 | 32.2 ± 16.2 | 0.306 | 37.5 ± 14.4 | 27.8 ± 15.1 | 0.080 |
GOLD | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
1 (mild) | 0 (0) | 1 (8.3) | 0 (0) | 4 (18.2) | ||
2 (moderate) | 1 (7.1) | 11 (91.7) | 1 (8.3) | 18 (81.8) | ||
3 (severe) | 9 (64.3) | 0 (0) | 11 (91.7) | 0 (0) | ||
4 (very severe) | 4 (28.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.2 ± 3.4 | 23.5 ± 2.3 | 0.302 | 22.9 ± 2.6 | 23.3 ± 3.5 | 0.753 |
Percent body fat (%) | 22.7±8.1 | 26.2±6.5 | 0.245 | 26.2±7.5 | 25.4±6.1 | 0.764 |
PFT | ||||||
FEV1 | 37.0 ± 8.7 | 63.4 ± 9.9 | <0.001 | 41.8 ± 5.6 | 69.2 ± 13.0 | <0.001 |
FVC | 73.5 ± 21.4 | 79.3 ± 16.3 | 0.454 | 86.2 ± 14.2 | 85.9 ± 16.5 | 0.958 |
FEV1/FVC | 40.1 ± 14.7 | 55.4 ± 11.4 | 0.007 | 34.7 ± 5.5 | 56.8 ± 10.813 | <0.001 |
Maximum inspiratory pressure (cmH2O) | 70.2 ± 29.4 | 64.4 ± 20.5 | 0.572 | 72.5 ± 32.1 | 94.1 ± 24.1 | 0.034 |
Maximum expiratory pressure (cmH2O) | 80.9 ± 28.4 | 85.7 ± 36.7 | 0.718 | 76.0 ± 27.2 | 86.8 ± 22.1 | 0.218 |
Peak expiratory flow rate (L/min) | 183.3 ± 80.4 | 275.8 ± 113.8 | 0.027 | 166.7 ± 61.5 | 307.1 ± 129.5 | 0.002 |
6MWT | ||||||
Total distance of 6MWT (m) | 404.3 ± 164.0 | 432.7 ± 160.8 | 0.668 | 456.7 ± 69.7 | 513.9 ± 60.3 | 0.018 |
SpO2 before 6MWT (%) | 93.3 ± 2.9 | 95.3 ± 1.7 | 0.066 | 94.4 ± 1.7 | 95.8 ± 1.4 | 0.014 |
SpO2 after 6MWT (%) | 85.9 ± 6.5 | 91.5 ± 2.2 | 0.011 | 85.7 ± 5.1 | 90.5 ± 5.0 | 0.013 |
Interruption of the 6MWT (n) | 2 (14.3) | 2 (16.7) | 0.867 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Diaphragm (cm) | ||||||
Right forced excursion* | 5.0 ± 1.4 | 5.6 ± 0.8 | 0.188 | 7.8 ± 0.8 | 8.6 ± 1.5 | 0.108 |
Left forced excursion* | 6.2 ± 1.6 | 7.4 ± 1.0 | 0.038 | 7.7 ± 1.3 | 7.6 ± 1.3 | 0.812 |
Right thickness, end-expiration | 0.2182 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.192 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.020 |
Left thickness, end-inspiration | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.920 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.284 |
Rigth thicknsee Fraction (%) | 72.1 ± 38.6 | 58.9 ± 15.3 | 0.254 | 89.4 ± 31.8 | 82.8 ± 28.9 | 0.542 |
Left thickness Fraction (%) | 71.4 ± 32.2 | 61.5 ± 19.3 | 0.358 | 67.3 ± 27.8 | 118.7 ± 258.5 | 0.500 |