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Table 1 Criteria for the Microscopic Scoring of Tissue Damage

From: Effects of airway pressure release ventilation on multi-organ injuries in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome pig models

Organ

Method

Parameters

Lung

American Thoracic Society's published lung tissue semi-quantitative injury score [23]

5 parameters: A, neutrophils in the alveolar lumen; B, neutrophils in the interstitium; C, hyaline membrane changes; D, protein debris in the alveolar lumen; E, alveolar wall thickening

Score = [(20 × A) + (14 × B) + (7 × C) + (7 × D) + (2 × E)]/number of visual fields

Kidney

Paller score [24]

6 parameters: A, large dilated tubules with flattened cells = 1; B, tubular pattern = 2; C, necrotic, detached cells in tubular lumen = 1; D, granular degeneration of epithelial cells = 1; E, vacuolar degeneration = 1; F, nuclear consolidation = 1

Intestine

Chiu score [25]

5 points, according to the separation of mucosal epithelium and lamina propria, inflammatory cells, bleeding degree

Liver

Hepatic shock score and fat infiltration score [26]

Hepatic shock score, 4 points, A, normal = 1; B, central lobule congestion without necrosis = 2; C, central lobule congestion and central lobule necrosis = 3; D, three or more adjacent lobules necrotic = 4

Fatty infiltration score, 4 points, A, no vacuoles in hepatocytes = 1; B, less than 50% of hepatocytes have single or several vacuoles = 2; C, less than 50% of hepatocytes have multiple vacuoles = 3; D, more than 50% of hepatocytes have multiple vacuoles in them = 

Heart

Heart injury score [27]

5 parameters, according to edema, degeneration, inflammation, congestion, and subendocardial hemorrhage