Table 5 The influence of BUN/ALB ratio on 90-day all-cause mortality by multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis
Variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
BUN/ALB ratio (≥ 0.249 vs. < 0.249) | 6.62 (2.32–18.88) |  < 0.001 | 4.08 (1.32–12.58) | 0.014 | 5.34 (1.62–17.57) | 0.006 |
Age (per increase of 5-year) |  |  | 1.71 (1.13–2.59) | 0.012 | 2.30 (1.32–4.01) | 0.003 |
BMI (per increase of 1 point) |  |  | 0.98 (0.85–1.12) | 0.730 | 1.02 (0.89–1.18) | 0.751 |
Sex (male vs. female) |  |  | 0.64 (0.18–2.35) | 0.505 | 0.46 (0.10–2.05) | 0.305 |
Smoking status (current/ever smoker vs. never smoker) |  |  | 0.92 (0.25–3.36) | 0.904 | 1.20 (0.27–5.23) | 0.812 |
Exacerbations during preceding year (yes vs. no) |  |  |  |  | 1.46 (0.48–4.44) | 0.509 |
GOLD stage (per increase to next stage) |  |  |  |  | 3.01 (1.07–8.41) | 0.036 |
PaCO2 (≥ 50 vs. < 50 mmHg) |  |  |  |  | 2.03 (0.46–8.92) | 0.349 |
CHF (yes vs. no) |  |  |  |  | 0.83 (0.23–3.00) | 0.779 |
RD (yes vs. no) |  |  |  |  | 0.46 (0.14–1.47) | 0.191 |
Bronchiectasis (yes vs. no) |  |  |  |  | 0.64 (0.16–2.57) | 0.533 |
Diabetes (yes vs. no) |  |  |  |  | 2.05 (0.37–11.29) | 0.411 |
Hypertension (yes vs. no) |  |  |  |  | 0.75 (0.19–2.99) | 0.686 |
CHD (yes vs. no) |  |  |  |  | 2.72 (0.82–9.08) | 0.104 |