Table 1 Literature review of cases of exogenous lipoid pneumonia complicated by Mycobacterium infection
Case | Refs | Year | Age/sex | Risk factors | Aspiration | Mycobacterium infection | Symptoms | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | [17] | 1967 | 62/M | Unknown | Mineral oil | Group IV atypical mycobacteria | Chest pain, fever | Antibiotics | Died |
2 | [18] | 1968 | 85/M | Unknown | Mineral oil | M. fortuitum | Chills, fever, cough, coma, general muscular rigidity | Antituberculosis medication | Died |
3 | [16] | 1970 | 54/F | Cardiac achalasia, constipation | Liquid paraffin, food | M. fortuitum | Fever, dyspnoea | Antibiotics | Died |
4 | [19] | 1978 | 72/F | Constipation | Mineral oil | M. fortuitum | Chills, fever, cough | BAL, antibiotics | Died |
5 | [19] | 1978 | 67/M | Parkinson’s disease, constipation | Laxatives of an unknown type | A rapidly growing mycobacterium that could not be fully classified | Fever, cough, unresponsiveness, hypotension | Antibiotics, antihypotensive medication | Died |
6 | [20] | 1981 | 64/F | Esophageal achalasia, constipation | Mineral oil | M. fortuitum | Chills, fever, cough, night sweats, severe dyspnoea at rest | Antibiotics, steroids | Clinical condition much improved; no change on radiological images |
7 | [21] | 1983 | 18/F | Nasal antrostomy | Petrolatum lubricant | M. chelonae | Fever | Antibiotics, steroids | No change |
8 | [22] | 1986 | Unknown | Tracheostomy after laryngectomy for carcinoma | Gomenol oil | M. smegmatis | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
9 | [23] | 1987 | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | M. fortuitum | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
10 | [24] | 1994 | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | M. smegmatis | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
11 | [25] | 1996 | 56/F | Constipation | Liquid paraffin | M. fortuitum | Chest pain, fever | BAL, antibiotics | Clinical condition much improved; no change on radiological images |
12 | [26] | 1999 | 63/F | Esophageal achalasia | Unknown | M. chelonae | Fever, tachycardia, dyspnoea, anorexia | Antibiotics, BAL | Much improved |
13 | [26] | 1999 | 47/M | Constipation, hiatal hernia with reflux | Mineral oil | M. fortuitum | Fever, cough | Antibiotics | Much improved |
14 | [27] | 2000 | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | M. chelonae | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
15 | [28] | 2001 | 46/F | Total gastrectomy with oesophagojejunostomy, nausea, vomiting | Unknown | M. abscessus | Cough, expectoration, dyspnoea, fever | BAL | Unknown |
16 | [29] | 2003 | 64/M | Constipation, total gastrectomy | Mineral oil | M. abscessus | Fever, cough | Antibiotics, steroids, BAL | Died |
17 | [14] | 2004 | 82/M | Constipation | Mineral oil | M. chelonae | Asymptomatic | Surgery | Very much improved |
18 | [30] | 2017 | 54/M | Gastroesophageal surgery, chef | High levels of fat aerosols | M. abscessus | Cough, fever | Antibiotics | Very much improved |
19 | [31] | 2018 | 59/M | Total gastrectomy for gastric cancer, esophageal reflux | Unknown | M. fortuitum | Intermittent cough, sputum | Antibiotics, camostat, mosapride | Very much improved |
20 | [10] | 2019 | 65/M | Allergic rhinitis | Petroleum jelly | M. chelonae | Cough | BAL, antibiotics | Very much improved |