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Table 2 Post-bronchodilator lung function and pre-bronchodilator IOS parameters of airway impairment in patients with chronic obstruction pulmonary disease

From: Clinical characteristics of airway impairment assessed by impulse oscillometry in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: findings from the ECOPD study in China

 

R5

R20

R5-R20

X5

AX

Fres

Value

 ≤ ULN

 > ULN

 ≤ ULN

 > ULN

 ≤ ULN

 > ULN

 ≤ ULN

 > ULN

 ≤ ULN

 > ULN

 ≤ ULN

 > ULN

Spirometry

            

 FEV1, L

2.30 (0.51)

1.72 (0.56)*

2.01 (0.62)

1.82 (0.56)*

2.31 (0.51)

1.74 (0.56)*

2.28 (0.54)

1.66 (0.52)*

2.34 (0.49)

1.70 (0.55)*

2.38 (0.49)

1.74 (0.55)*

 FEV1, %pred

83.20 (14.33)

63.72 (17.47)*

73.30 (19.34)

67.43 (17.04)*

84.21(13.36)

63.96 (17.58)*

81.60 (15.12)

62.61 (17.33)*

84.23 (13.52)

63.43 (17.28)*

85.63(13.19)

64.73 (17.38)*

 FVC, L

3.69 (0.73)

3.14 (0.73)*

3.43 (0.78)

3.21 (0.73)*

3.69 (0.74)

3.17 (0.73)*

3.71 (0.73)

3.06 (0.67)*

3.76 (0.70)

3.11 (0.71)*

3.77 (0.71)

3.17 (0.72)*

 FVC, %pred

105.11(15.81)

91.66 (16.40)*

98.40 (17.77)

93.94 (16.27) †

106.15 (15.12)

91.63 (16.47)*

104.80 (15.43)

90.19 (16.23)*

106.57(15.14)

90.99 (16.07)*

107.25 (14.97)

92.14 (16.41)*

 FEV1/FVC, L

62.24 (6.10)

54.19 (10.42)*

57.92 (9.64)

56.26 (10.00) †

62.72 (5.90)

54.25 (10.25)*

61.27 (6.84)

54.00 (10.67)*

62.38 (5.93)

54.25 (10.41)*

63.18 (5.42)

54.64 (10.18)*

 FEF50, %pred

44.26 (14.45)

28.69 (13.93)*

36.10 (16.56)

32.20 (14.47) †

45.25 (14.30)

28.78 (13.73)*

42.67 (15.20)

28.04 (13.46)*

45.08 (14.17)

28.47 (13.68)*

46.81 (13.91)

29.21 (13.72)*

 FEF75, %pred

37.09 (14.27)

28.89 (12.28)*

32.47 (13.95)

31.49 (13.15)

37.61 (14.43)

28.94 (12.18)*

36.18 (14.39)

28.60 (12.02)*

37.65 (14.65)

28.69 (11.84)*

37.95 (14.09)

29.39 (12.63)*

 MMEF, %pred

41.61 (12.79)

29.04 (12.63)*

34.85 (14.34)

32.28 (13.39) †

42.63 (12.99)

28.98 (12.15)*

40.35 (13.41)

28.49 (12.26)*

42.46 (12.95)

28.74 (12.08)*

43.70 (12.58)

29.44 (12.36)*

IOS

            

 R5, kPa/L/s

0.26 (0.23–0.29)

0.42 (0.37–0.51)*

0.31 (0.26–0.40)

0.45 (0.38–0.54)*

0.27 (0.24–0.32)

0.41 (0.34–0.50)*

0.28 (0.24–0.34)

0.42 (0.36–0.52)*

0.27 (0.23–0.32)

0.42 (0.35–0.51)*

0.27 (0.23–0.32)

0.40 (0.33–0.49)*

 R20, kPa/L/s

0.23 (0.20–0.25)

0.30 (0.26–0.34)*

0.25 (0.22–0.27)

0.33 (0.31–0.38)

0.25 (0.22–0.30)

0.27 (0.24–0.32)*

0.25 (0.22–0.30)

0.28 (0.25–0.33)*

0.24 (0.21–0.29)

0.28 (0.25–0.32)*

0.25 (0.22–0.30)

0.27 (0.24–0.32)*

 R5–R20, kPa/L/s

0.03 (0.01–0.05)

0.13 (0.08–0.19)*

0.06 (0.03–0.13)

0.10 (0.05–0.18)*

0.02 (0.01–0.04)

0.12 (0.08–0.19)*

0.04 (0.02–0.06)

0.14 (0.09–0.20)*

0.03 (0.01–0.04)

0.13 (0.08–0.19)*

0.02 (0.01–0.04)

0.11 (0.07–0.18)*

 X5, kPa/L/s

 − 0.09 ( − 0.11–0.07)

 − 0.17 ( − 0.24–0.12)*

 − 0.11 ( − 0.17–0.08)

 − 0.16 ( − 0.24–0.10)*

 − 0.09 ( − 0.11–0.07)

 − 0.16 ( − 0.24–0.11)*

 − 0.09 ( − 0.10–0.07)

 − 0.18 ( − 0.25–0.14)*

 − 0.08( − 0.10–0.07)

 − 0.17 ( − 0.24–0.12)*

 − 0.08 ( − 0.10–0.07)

 − 0.15 ( − 0.23–0.11)*

 AX, kPa/L

0.24 (0.15–0.40)

1.27 (0.65–2.27)*

0.49 (0.22–1.21)

1.09 (0.42–2.35)*

0.22 (0.13–0.33)

1.21 (0.64–2.21)*

0.25 (0.15–0.41)

1.48 (0.81–2.37)*

0.22 (0.14–0.30)

1.23 (0.70–2.24)*

0.19 (0.12–0.27)

1.09 (0.58–2.07)*

 Fres, HZ

12.33 (9.63–15.24)

21.53 (17.62–25.27)*

16.00 (11.64–21.40)

20.47 (14.96–26.44)*

11.39 (9.32–13.74)

21.43 (17.50–25.03)*

12.86 (9.80–15.90)

21.75 (17.96–25.65)*

11.44 (9.37–13.47)

21.60 (18.05–25.24)*

10.66 (9.17–12.81)

20.91 (16.85–24.75)*

  1. Datas are presented as the mean (standard deviation) or median (interquartile range) and were analyzed by Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test; IOS, impulse oscillometry; R5, resistance at 5 Hz; R20, resistance at 20 Hz; R5–R20, difference from R5 to R20; X5, reactance at 5 Hz; Fres, resonant frequency. FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC, forced vital capacity; MMEF, maximal mid-expiratory flow; FEF50, forced expiratory flow 50%; FEF75, forced expiratory flow 75%
  2. †P < 0.05; *P < 0.001