Table 1 Demography, baseline characteristics and clinical variables of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia
Prophylactic anticoagulation (n = 237) | Therapeutic anticoagulation (n = 235) | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hospital | Eka-Kotebe General Hospital | 83 (35.0%) | 91 (38.7%) | 0.648 |
Millennium COVID-19 Care Center | 99 (41.8%) | 96 (40.9%) | ||
COVID-19 St. Peter’s Field Hospital | 55 (23.2%) | 48 (20.4%) | ||
Age in years, median (IQR) | 59.00 (45.5 – 67.0) | 60.00 (48.0 – 67.0) | 0.711 | |
Gender | Male, n (%) | 154 (65.0%) | 135 (57.4%) | 0.108 |
Female, n (%) | 83 (35.0%) | 100 (42.6%) | ||
Comorbidity, n (%) | ||||
Hypertension | 85 (35.9%) | 83 (35.3%) | 0.924 | |
Diabetes Mellitus | 76 (32.1%) | 74 (31.5%) | 0.921 | |
HIV/AIDS | 11 (4.6%) | 12 (5.1%) | 0.834 | |
Asthma | 10 (4.2%) | 13 (5.5%) | 0.508 | |
Stroke | 7 (3.0%) | 5 (2.1%) | 0.772 | |
Malignancy | 2 (0.84%) | 5 (2.1%) | 0.284 | |
Ischemic Heart Disease | 3 (1.3%) | 4 (1.7%) | 0.724 | |
Prior history of Tuberculosis | 2 (0.8%) | 5 (2.1%) | 0.284 | |
Chronic Kidney Disease | 4 (1.69%) | 1 (0.43%) | 0.372 | |
Chronic Liver Disease | 2 (0.8%) | 1 (0.43%) | 1.000 | |
Schizophrenia | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (1.3%) | 0.123 | |
Smoking, n (%) | 3 (1.3%) | 6 (2.6%) | 0.337 | |
COVID-19 Severity at admission, n (%) | ||||
Severe | 147 (62.0%) | 133 (56.6%) | 0.261 | |
Critical | 90 (38.0%) | 102 (43.4%) | ||
Type of Oxygen therapy used at admission, n (%) | 0.021 | |||
Nasal cannula | 107 (45.1%) | 80 (34.0%) | ||
Simple Face mask | 40 (16.9%) | 53 (22.6%) | ||
Face mask with reservoir | 28 (11.8%) | 41 (17.4%) | ||
Non-invasive ventilation | 53 (22.4%) | 44 (18.7%) | ||
Invasive ventilation | 9 (3.8%) | 17 (7.2%) | ||
Vital Sign, median (IQR) | ||||
Heart rate, bpm | 94.00 (86.0 – 106.0) | 94.00 (83.0 – 105.0) | 0.221 | |
Respiratory rate, rate/min | 28.00 (24.0 – 32.0) | 31.00 (26.0 – 36.0) | < 0.001 | |
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 75.00 (67.0 – 83.5) | 72.00 (65.0 – 80.0) | 0.095 | |
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 126.00 (111.5 – 145.0) | 129.00 (112.0 – 142.0) | 0.958 | |
Laboratory values, median (IQR) | ||||
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.10 (13.0 – 15.5) | 14.05 (13.0 – 15.3) | 0881 | |
Hematocrit, % | 41.60 (38.4 – 45.2) | 42.00 (38.5 – 45.0) | 0.553 | |
Total WBC count, × 103 /mL | 9.60 (6.4 – 11.9) | 8.94 (6.4 – 13.1) | 0.831 | |
Neutrophil, % | 87.50 (81.0 – 92.0) | 89.85 (81.5 – 92.4) | 0.144 | |
Lymphocyte, % | 6.35 (3.7 – 10.4) | 6.30 (3.9 – 10.6) | 0.745 | |
Platelet count, 109/L | 244.50 (175.8 – 315.0) | 234.00 (167.5 – 310.8) | 0.622 | |
Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | 40.60 (25.6 – 65.1) | 31.95 (22.8 – 62.5) | 0.479 | |
Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L | 40.95 (29.1 – 62.2) | 38.00 (27.1 – 60.1) | 0.887 | |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.72 (0.62 – 0.90) | 0.80 (0.60 – 1.0) | 0.112 | |
Urea, mg/dL | 32.50 (21.3 – 46.5) | 24.30 (16.1 – 37.1) | 0.001 | |
Sodium, mmol/L | 138.00 (134.0 – 140.0) | 137.00 (133.0 – 140.0) | 0.456 | |
Potassium, mmol/L | 4.26 (3.90 – 4.70) | 4.10 (3.70 – 4.60) | 0.055 | |