Table 1 Demographics, lung functions and imaging parameters of patients

Age, years

61.7 ± 9.2

60.6 ± 11.4

0.547

Sex, male (%)

33(63.5%)

33(41.8%)

0.015*

Smoking status

0.081

 never-smoker (%)

27(51.9%)

55(69.6%)

 current-smoker (%)

22(42.3%)

19(24.1%)

 Former-smoker (%)

3(5.8%)

5(6.3%)

BMI

23.7 ± 3.1

24.5 ± 3.3

0.169

FEV₁ (L)

2.2 ± 0.5

2.4 ± 0.6

0.164

FEV₁ (% predicted)

92.2 ± 8.2

106.5 ± 14.4

< 0.001***

FVC (L)

2.7 ± 0.6

2.6 ± 0.6

0.411

FVC (% predicted)

89.2 ± 11.0

93.9 ± 14.7

0.053

FEV₁/FVC

83.2 ± 7.5

91.3 ± 6.0

< 0.001***

MMEF (% predicted)

65.5 ± 11.7

110.3 ± 21.9

< 0.001***

RV (L)

2.6 ± 2.4

2.2 ± 0.5

0.130

TCL (L)

4.7 ± 0.9

4.7 ± 0.9

0.768

RV/TLC (%)

48.4 ± 6.3

47.0 ± 6.9

0.239

EI

5.7 ± 5.5

4.0 ± 4.1

0.051

PRM

 PRM^fSAD

20.2 ± 17.4

9.4 ± 6.7

< 0.001***

 PRM^Emph

3.4 ± 3.5

1.9 ± 2.0

0.006**

 PRM^Normal

73.8 ± 19.7

85.3 ± 10.0

< 0.001***

Pi10

3.3 ± 0.6

3.1 ± 0.7

0.089

WT₅

1.4 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.3

0.427

%WA₅

61.0 ± 8.8

59.8 ± 9.6

0.468

LA₅

12.2 ± 2.5

13.7 ± 3.4

0.008**

WT₆

0.9 ± 0.3

0.8 ± 0.2

0.187

%WA₆

55.3 ± 9.6

53.1 ± 10.3

0.239

LA₆

6.9 ± 2.0

8.9 ± 2.8

 < 0.001***