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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with KP pneumonia alone and KP-pneumonia/KP-BSI

From: Clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia developing secondary Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection

Characteristics

Total (n = 409)

KP pneumonia alone (n = 274)

KP-pneumonia/KP-BSI (n = 135)

P-value

Age, median years (IQR)

65 (54.5, 75)

65 (56, 75)

64 (51, 76)

P = 0.39

Male sex

301 (73.6%)

193 (70.4%)

109 (80.1%)

P = 0.04

Co-morbidities (n, %)

 Diabetes mellitus

80 (19.6%)

52 (18.9%)

28 (20.7%)

P = 0.07

 Chronic cardiac insufficiency

60 (14.7%)

32 (11.7%)

28 (20.7%)

P = 0.02

 COPD or Severe asthma

43 (10.5%)

31 (11.3%)

12 (8.9%)

P = 0.45

 Chronic renal failure

16 (3.9%)

7 (2.6%)

9 (6.7%)

P = 0.05

 Cerebrovascular disease

224 (54.5%)

159 (57.8%)

65 (47.8%)

P = 0.06

 Trauma

67 (16.4%)

40 (14.6%)

27 (20%)

P = 0.17

 Immunosuppressive

28 (6.8%)

12 (4.4%)

16 (11.9%)

P = 0.01

 Solid tumor

44 (10.8%)

33 (12%)

11 (8.1%)

P = 0.23

Previous treatment

 Blood transfusion

88 (21.5%)

31 (11.3%)

57 (42.2%)

P < 0.01

 Mechanical ventilation

299 (73.1%)

175 (63.9%)

124 (91.9%)

P < 0.01

 Surgery

220 (53.8%)

148 (54%)

72 (53.3%)

P = 0.90

 Parenteral nutrition

85 (20.8%)

48 (17.5%)

37 (27.4%)

P = 0.02

 Renal replacement therapy

49 (12%)

17 (6.2%)

32 (23.7%)

P < 0.01

Invasive devices

 Indwelling urinary catheter

329 (80.6%)

205 (74.8%)

124 (92.5%)

P < 0.01

 central line catheter

300 (73.3%)

180 (65.7%)

120 (88.9%)

P < 0.01

 Intraperitoneal drainage

23 (5.6%)

15 (5.5%)

8 (5.9%)

P = 0.85

 SOFA score, median (IQR)

6 (4,9)

5 (3,8)

8.5 (5,13)

P < 0.01

 APACHE II score, median (IQR)

19 (13,25)

17 (12,22)

24.5 (18,30)

P < 0.01

 ACCI, median (IQR)

3 (2,5)

3 (2,5)

3 (1.5,5)

P = 0.60

 Pitt Bacteremia Score, median (IQR)

5 (2,7)

4 (2,6)

1 (0,3)

P < 0.01

Hospitalization ward (n, %)

 ICU stay

273 (66.4%)

159 (57.8%)

114 (83.8%)

P < 0.01

 Prior antibiotic use time

1 (0,6)

0 (0,3)

5 (1,15)

P < 0.01

 Prior hospital stay, median days (IQR)

3 (1,11)

2 (1,7)

7 (1,17.5)

P < 0.01

 Prior ICU stay, median days (IQR)

1 (0,4)

0 (0,2)

3 (0,8)

P < 0.01

 Prior Mechanical ventilation, median days (IQR)

2 (0,5)

3 (0,4)

2 (0,7)

P = 0.06

 Nosocomial infection (n, %)

269 (65.5%)

150 (54.5%)

119 (87.5%)

P < 0.01

 ESBL-positive KP

196 (47.9%)

81 (29.6%)

115 (85.2%)

P < 0.01

 Prior hospitalizeda

144 (35.2%)

81 (29.6%)

63 (46.7%)

P < 0.01

 Prior mechanical ventilationa

68 (16.6%)

31 (11.3%)

37 (27.4%)

P < 0.01

 Prior antibiotic exposurea

141 (34.5%)

80 (29.2%)

61 (45.2%)

P < 0.01

  1. Abbreviations: IQR Interquartile range, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, ACCI Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index, SOFA Sequential organ failure assessment, APACHE Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, ICU Intensive care unit, ESBL-positive KP klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing extended spectrum β-lactamase, KP Klebsiella pneumoniae, KP pneumonia /KP-BSI KP pneumonia secondary Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections
  2. ain recent 3 months