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Basic science and experimental pulmonology

This section considers studies on molecular mechanisms and biological basis of non-cancer pulmonary disorders, including animal models of lung disease, in vitro studies, pulmonary physiology in health and disease, and experimental spirometry.

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  1. Sepsis is a complicated disease with systemic inflammation or organ dysfunction, and it is the leading cause of acute lung injury (ALI). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have played important roles in the pathog...

    Authors: Bing Wang, Qi Sun, Wen Ye, Lianghai Li and Ping Jin

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:200

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Patients undergoing bronchoscopy in spontaneous breathing are prone to hypoxaemia and hypercapnia. Sedation, airway obstruction, and lung diseases impair respiration and gas exchange. The restitution of normal...

    Authors: Daniel Strohleit, Thomas Galetin, Nils Kosse, Alberto Lopez-Pastorini and Erich Stoelben

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:198

    Content type: Research article

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  3. The echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like-4 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene was identified in a subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. They responded positively to AL...

    Authors: Ying Li, Yongwen Li, Hongbing Zhang, Ruifeng Shi, Zihe Zhang, Hongyu Liu and Jun Chen

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:190

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Different from current cognition, our study demonstrated that adrenergic receptors agonist phenylephrine significantly relaxed isolated pulmonary artery but constricted pulmonary veins. Through comparing diffe...

    Authors: Li-mei Liao, Li Zhou, Chen-ran Wang, Jian-ying Hu, Yao-jun Lu and Shaoqiang Huang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:189

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a degenerative interstitial lung disease with both a poor prognosis and quality of life once the diagnosis is made. In the last decade many features of the disease have b...

    Authors: Donato Lacedonia, Giulia Scioscia, Piera Soccio, Massimo Conese, Lucia Catucci, Grazia P. Palladino, Filomena Simone, Carla M. I. Quarato, Sante Di Gioia, Roberto Rana, Francesco Sollitto and Maria P. Foschino-Barbaro

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:188

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Hyperoxia downregulates the tight junction (TJ) proteins of the alveolar epithelium and leads to barrier dysfunction. Previous study has showed that STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) interf...

    Authors: Chih-Hao Shen, Jr-Yu Lin, Cheng-Yo Lu, Sung-Sen Yang, Chung-Kan Peng and Kun-Lun Huang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:58

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Recent basic studies demonstrate that the lung is a primary organ of platelet biogenesis. However, whether the pathophysiological state of the lung affect the platelets is little known. We aim to investigate t...

    Authors: Limeng Wu, Ninghong Guo, Zhenyan Xu, Wei Wang, Qinmei Xiong, Jinzhu Hu, Rong Wan and Kui Hong

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:3

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease with still unknown etiology. Our previous studies showed a significantly higher percentage of CD34 + cells in the peripheral blood in patients with sarcoido...

    Authors: Rutkowska Elżbieta, Kwiecień Iwona, Bednarek Joanna, Jahnz-Różyk Karina and Rzepecki Piotr

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:306

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) depends on the presence of clinical, radiological and microbiological findings. Endotracheal suction aspirate (ETSA) is the commonest respiratory sample s...

    Authors: Salima Rattani, Joveria Farooqi, Ghazala Jabeen, Saeeda Chandio, Qaiser Kash, Aijaz Khan and Kauser Jabeen

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:284

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Previous studies have shown that serum uric acid (UA) levels are correlated with the severity of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and are predictors of disease prognosis. Still, few studies ha...

    Authors: Jingya Wang, Yuanyuan Wang, Xiaodi Li, Yingheng Huang, Xiaoxuan Sun, Qiang Wang and Miaojia Zhang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:272

    Content type: Research article

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  12. The complement system plays a critical role as the pathogenic factor in the models of acute lung injury due to various causes. Cobra venom factor (CVF) is a commonly used complement research tool. The CVF can ...

    Authors: Jing Guo, Min Li, Yi Yang, Lin Zhang, Li-wei Zhang and Qian-yun Sun

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:263

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is a reaction of the pulmonary vasculature upon hypoxia, diverting blood flow into ventilated areas to preserve oxygenation. It is impaired in endotoxemia or ARDS. Volt...

    Authors: Maurizio Turzo, Karin Metzger, Felix Lasitschka, Markus A. Weigand and Cornelius J. Busch

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:260

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Hydroxyethyl Starch (HES) 130/0.4 (6%) is a commonly used intravascular volume expander with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, we aimed to compare the histopathologic activity of HES...

    Authors: Hasan Oğuz Kapicibasi, Hasan Ali Kiraz and Nazli Demir Gök

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:227

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Paraquat (PQ) is an herbicide widely used in the world. PQ can cause pulmonary toxicity and even acute lung injury. Treatment for PQ poisoning in a timely manner is still a challenge for clinicians. Mesenchymal s...

    Authors: Lichun Zhang, Yu Wang, Haitao Shen and Min Zhao

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:195

    Content type: Research article

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  17. A surfactant protein-A-derived peptide, which we call SPA4 peptide (amino acids: GDFRYSDGTPVNYTNWYRGE), alleviates lung infection and inflammation. This study investigated the effects of intratracheally admini...

    Authors: Shanjana Awasthi, Negar Rahman, Bin Rui, Gaurav Kumar, Vibhudutta Awasthi, Melanie Breshears and Stanley Kosanke

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:179

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Macitentan is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist indicated for the long-term treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We evaluated the change over time in REVEAL risk score in incident and preval...

    Authors: Pilar Escribano-Subias, Raquel López, Luis Almenar, María Lázaro, Ian Forn, Anna Torrent, Isabel Blanco and Joan Albert Barberà

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:154

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are potential drugs that inhibit DNA synthesis and are used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and short-term anti-TB regimens. In recent years, a high proportion ...

    Authors: Saba Kabir, Zarfishan Tahir, Nadia Mukhtar, Muhammad Sohail, Muhammad Saqalein and Abdul Rehman

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:138

    Content type: Research article

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  20. High-concentration oxygen therapy causes increased arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in patients with COPD, asthma, pneumonia, obesity and acute lung injury. The objective of these studies was t...

    Authors: Janine Pilcher, Darmiga Thayabaran, Stefan Ebmeier, Mathew Williams, Geraldine Back, Hamish Collie, Michael Richards, Susan Bibby, Ruth Semprini, Mark Weatherall and Richard Beasley

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:125

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, lethal disease of which the etiology is still not fully understood. Current treatment comprises two FDA-approved drugs that can slow down yet not stop or rever...

    Authors: Agnes W. Boots, Carmen Veith, Catrin Albrecht, Roger Bartholome, Marie-José Drittij, Sandra M. H. Claessen, Aalt Bast, Martin Rosenbruch, Leonie Jonkers, Frederik-Jan van Schooten and Roel P. F. Schins

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:112

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Spirometry is useful for evaluating respiratory health status and predicting health-related outcomes. As spirometry requires skilled technician and takes time, it is useful to find simple way for predicting lu...

    Authors: Makiko Kanai, Osamu Kanai, Kohei Fujita, Tadashi Mio and Masato Ito

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:97

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) is an opportunistic fungal pathogen and the role of its colonization in pulmonary diseases has become a popular focus in recent years. The aim of this study was to develop a ...

    Authors: Ting Xue, Zhuang Ma, Fan Liu, Weiqin Du, Li He, Jinyan Wang and Chunli An

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:70

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is combination of progressive lung diseases. The diagnosis of COPD is generally based on the pulmonary function testing, however, difficulties underlie in prognosis...

    Authors: Kazushi Matsumura and Shigeaki Ito

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:29

    Content type: Technical advance

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  26. IL-17A directly induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in alveolar epithelial cells. It could coordinate with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) to promote proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells. In t...

    Authors: Libing Ma, Ming Jiang, Xiaoli Zhao, Jingyi Sun, Qilu Pan and Shuyuan Chu

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:26

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Lung fibrosis is a serious life-threatening condition whose manifestation varies according to the localization and characteristics of fibroblasts, which are considered heterogeneous. Therefore, to better under...

    Authors: Sayomi Matsushima, Yoichiro Aoshima, Taisuke Akamatsu, Yasunori Enomoto, Shiori Meguro, Isao Kosugi, Hideya Kawasaki, Tomoyuki Fujisawa, Noriyuki Enomoto, Yutaro Nakamura, Naoki Inui, Kazuhito Funai, Takafumi Suda and Toshihide Iwashita

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:21

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Pulse oximetry is widely used in the clinical setting. The purpose of this validation study was to investigate the level of agreement between oxygen saturations measured by pulse oximeter (SpO2) and arterial bloo...

    Authors: Janine Pilcher, Laura Ploen, Steve McKinstry, George Bardsley, Jimmy Chien, Lesley Howard, Sharon Lee, Lutz Beckert, Maureen Swanney, Mark Weatherall and Richard Beasley

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:7

    Content type: Research article

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  29. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of serum krebs von den lungen-6 (KL-6) level as a diagnostic indicator for connective tissue disease associated with interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD).

    Authors: Hua Ma, Junhui Lu, Yuanyuan Song, Huixuan Wang and Songlou Yin

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:6

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Workers in the zinc production and processing of galvanized sheet steel are exposed to a complex mixture of particles and gases, including zinc oxide (ZnO) that can affect human health. We aimed to study the e...

    Authors: Christian Monsé, Monika Raulf, Olaf Hagemeyer, Vera van Kampen, Benjamin Kendzia, Vitali Gering, Eike-Maximilian Marek, Birger Jettkant, Jürgen Bünger, Rolf Merget and Thomas Brüning

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:266

    Content type: Research article

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  31. The diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the most challenging in emergency settings where prompt and accurate decisions need to be taken for life-saving purposes. Here, the assessment of the cl...

    Authors: Agnès Esiéné, Joel Noutakdie Tochie, Junette Arlette Mbengono Metogo, Paul Owono Etoundi and Jacqueline Ze Minkande

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:263

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Preterm newborns typically require supplemental oxygen but hyperoxic conditions also damage the premature lung. Oxygen-induced lung damages are mainly studied in newborn mouse models using oxygen concentration...

    Authors: Anke Kindermann, Leonore Binder, Jan Baier, Beate Gündel, Andreas Simm, Roland Haase and Babett Bartling

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:245

    Content type: Research article

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    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2020 20:17

  33. Bronchoalveolar lavage is a useful bronchoscopy technique. However, studies in “normal” children populations are few. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effects of exogenous pulmonary surfactants on the bronch...

    Authors: Lyné van Rensburg, Johann M. van Zyl, Johan Smith and Pierre Goussard

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:236

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Quantifying morphologic changes is critical to our understanding of the pathophysiology of the lung. Mean linear intercept (MLI) measures are important in the assessment of clinically relevant pathology, such ...

    Authors: George Crowley, Sophia Kwon, Erin J. Caraher, Syed Hissam Haider, Rachel Lam, Prag Batra, Daniel Melles, Mengling Liu and Anna Nolan

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:206

    Content type: Technical advance

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  35. Oxygen toxicity is one potential side effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Previous small studies showed mild reductions in pulmonary functions reflecting reductions in small airway conductance after re...

    Authors: Amir Hadanny, Tal Zubari, Liat Tamir-Adler, Yair Bechor, Gregory Fishlev, Erez Lang, Nir Polak, Jacob Bergan, Mony Friedman and Shai Efrati

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:148

    Content type: Research article

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  36. This study aims to investigate the effects of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) overexpression on cell proliferation, apoptosis and surfactant protein-C(SP-C) in alveolar epithelial type II (AEC II...

    Authors: Hongyan Lu, Xiaoqing Chen, Yanmin Lu, Haitao Zhu, Wei Tang and Qiuxia Wang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:142

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity reduces the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature neonates. Several mechanisms, including improvement in pulmonary mechanics underly beneficial ef...

    Authors: Vikramaditya Dumpa, Lori Nielsen, Huamei Wang and Vasantha H. S. Kumar

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:138

    Content type: Research article

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  38. The respiratory microbiome is altered in COPD patients but its relationship with core components of the disease, such as the severity of airflow limitation, the frequency of exacerbations or the circulating le...

    Authors: Laura Millares, Sergi Pascual, Concepción Montón, Marian García-Núñez, Cristina Lalmolda, Rosa Faner, Carme Casadevall, Laia Setó, Silvia Capilla, Amàlia Moreno, Ady Angélica Castro-Acosta, Carlos José Alvarez-Martinez, Oriol Sibila, Germán Peces-Barba, Borja G. Cosio, Alvar Agustí…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:112

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening disease; however, its treatment has not yet been fully established. The progression of ARDS is considered to be mediated by altered intercellula...

    Authors: Sotaro Shikano, Yasuhiro Gon, Shuichiro Maruoka, Tetsuo Shimizu, Yutaka Kozu, Yuko Iida, Mari Hikichi, Mai Takahashi, Shinichi Okamoto, Kota Tsuya, Asami Fukuda, Kenji Mizumura and Shu Hashimoto

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:110

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels largely determine pulmonary fibrosis. Antioxidants have been found to ameliorate lung fibrosis after long-term paraquat (PQ) exposure. The effects of antioxidants, however,...

    Authors: Ming-wei Liu, Mei-xian Su, Deng-yun Tang, Li Hao, Xiang-Han Xun and Yun-qiao Huang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:35

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Impaired angiogenesis is assumed to be an important factor in the development of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). However, the role of endothelial cells (ECs) in CTEPH remains unclear. Th...

    Authors: Akira Naito, Seiichiro Sakao, Irene M. Lang, Norbert F. Voelkel, Takayuki Jujo, Keiichi Ishida, Toshihiko Sugiura, Goro Matsumiya, Ichiro Yoshino, Nobuhiro Tanabe and Koichiro Tatsumi

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:197

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common pathological phenomenon, which causes hepatic injury as well as remote organ injuries such as the lung. Several mediators, such as oxidative stress, Ca2+ over...

    Authors: Yao Tong, Zhuang Yu, Renlingzi Zhang, Xibing Ding, Zhixia Chen and Quan Li

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:189

    Content type: Research article

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  43. The breakdown of alveolar barrier dysfunction contributes to Lipopolysaccharide stimulated pulmonary edema and acute lung injury. Actin cytoskeleton has been implicated to be critical in regulation of epitheli...

    Authors: Weiju Wang, Jie Weng, Lei Yu, Qiaobing Huang, Yong Jiang and Xiaohua Guo

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:178

    Content type: Research article

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  44. The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious disease in critically ill patients that is characterized by pulmonary dysfunctions, hypoxemia and significant mortality. Patients with immunodeficien...

    Authors: Eva Verjans, Stephanie Kanzler, Kim Ohl, Annette D. Rieg, Nadine Ruske, Angela Schippers, Norbert Wagner, Klaus Tenbrock, Stefan Uhlig and Christian Martin

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:174

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Interleukin (IL)-3 amplifies inflammation. However, the effect of IL-3 in acute lung injury (ALI), an acute inflammatory disease, is unclear. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that IL-3 plays an...

    Authors: Zhijian Huang, Wei Zhang, Jian Yang, Feiyu Sun and Hongwei Zhou

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:164

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are routinely performed in the upright position due to measurement devices and patient comfort. This systematic review investigated the influence of body position on lung functi...

    Authors: Shikma Katz, Nissim Arish, Ariel Rokach, Yacov Zaltzman and Esther-Lee Marcus

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:159

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare disease characterized by proliferation and occlusion of small pulmonary arterioles, which has been associated with a high mortality rate. The pathogenesis of PH is complex...

    Authors: Caiyong Yin, Kai Li, Yanfang Yu, Huijie Huang, Youjia Yu, Zhongqun Wang, Jinchuan Yan, Yan Pu, Zheng Li, Ding Li, Peng Chen and Feng Chen

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:158

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASCs) exerts immunomodulatory roles in asthma. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the effects and mechanisms of ASCs on...

    Authors: Ranran Dai, Youchao Yu, Guofeng Yan, Xiaoxia Hou, Yingmeng Ni and Guochao Shi

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:131

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Src homology 2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 2 (Shp2) is a typical tyrosine phosphatase interacting with receptor tyrosine kinase to regulate multiple signaling pathways in diverse pathological...

    Authors: Yusheng Cheng, Min Yu, Jian Xu, Mengyu He, Hong Wang, Hui Kong and Weiping Xie

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:130

    Content type: Research article

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  50. The ability of circulating monocytes to develop into lung macrophages and promote lung tissue damage depends upon their phenotypic pattern of differentiation and activation. Whether this phenotypic pattern var...

    Authors: William D. Cornwell, Victor Kim, Xiaoxuan Fan, Marie Elena Vega, Frederick V. Ramsey, Gerard J. Criner and Thomas J. Rogers

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:101

    Content type: Research article

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