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  1. To improve the understanding of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP), we present one case of AFOP proven by percutaneous lung biopsy along with clinical features, chest imaging and pathology.

    Authors: Shengsong Chen, Hong Zhou, Lingling Yu, Bo Tong, Zuke Xiao and Sisi Fan
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:203
  2. Assessment of delays in seeking care and diagnosis of tuberculosis is essential to evaluate effectiveness of tuberculosis control programs, and identify programmatic impediments. Thus, this review of studies a...

    Authors: Fentabil Getnet, Meaza Demissie, Nega Assefa, Bizatu Mengistie and Alemayehu Worku
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:202
  3. Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a common and life-threatening medical emergency in patients admitted to the hospital. Currently, there is a lack of large-scale evidence on the use of high-flow nasal cannula...

    Authors: Youfeng Zhu, Haiyan Yin, Rui Zhang and Jianrui Wei
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:201
  4. No drugs have been approved for the treatment of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), particularly those with idiopathic honeycomb lung. This study was co...

    Authors: Yosuke Tanaka, Mitsunori Hino and Akihiko Gemma
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:200
  5. In bronchiectasis patients, chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection has been associated with worse health-related quality of life (HRQL), but little is known about Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease (...

    Authors: Hirofumi Kamata, Takanori Asakura, Shoji Suzuki, Ho Namkoong, Kazuma Yagi, Yohei Funatsu, Satoshi Okamori, Shunsuke Uno, Yoshifumi Uwamino, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Tomoyasu Nishimura, Makoto Ishii, Tomoko Betsuyaku and Naoki Hasegawa
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:198
  6. NKX2–1, a key molecule in lung development, is highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in lung adenocarcinoma (ADK), where it is a diagnostic marker. Studies of the prognostic role...

    Authors: Jorge Moisés, Alfons Navarro, Sandra Santasusagna, Nuria Viñolas, Laureano Molins, José Ramirez, Jeisson Osorio, Adela Saco, Joan Josep Castellano, Carmen Muñoz, Sara Morales, Mariano Monzó and Ramón María Marrades
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:197
  7. Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is the most common reason for the hospitalization and death of pulmonary patients. The use of antibiotics as adjuvant therapy for AECOPD, ho...

    Authors: Hai-Lin Zhang, Min Tan, Ai-Min Qiu, Zhang Tao and Chang-Hui Wang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:196
  8. It is crucial to develop novel diagnostic approaches for determining if peripheral lung nodules are malignant, as such nodules are frequently detected due to the increased use of chest computed tomography scan...

    Authors: Akifumi Uchida, Takuya Samukawa, Tomohiro Kumamoto, Masahiro Ohshige, Kazuhito Hatanaka, Yoshihiro Nakamura, Keiko Mizuno, Ikkou Higashimoto, Masami Sato and Hiromasa Inoue
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:195
  9. Macrophages stand at the forefront of both innate and adapted immunity through their capacities to recognize, engulf, and eliminate foreign particles, and to stimulate adapted immune cells. They are also invol...

    Authors: Jingzhu Lv, Xiaoyan He, Hongtao Wang, Zhaohua Wang, Gabriel T. Kelly, Xiaojing Wang, Yin Chen, Ting Wang and Zhongqing Qian
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:194
  10. Previous studies have indicated that chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) gene rs4950928 polymorphism and acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase or CHIA) gene rs10494132 polymorphism are associated with the risk of asthma....

    Authors: Yanting Zhu, Xin Yan, Cui Zhai, Lan Yang and Manxiang Li
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:193
  11. Excessive daytime sleepiness may be determined by a number of factors including personal characteristics, co-morbidities and socio-economic conditions. In this study we identified factors associated with exces...

    Authors: Ina van der Spuy, Chandima P. Karunanayake, James A. Dosman, Kathleen McMullin, Gaungming Zhao, Sylvia Abonyi, Donna C. Rennie, Joshua Lawson, Shelley Kirychuk, Judith MacDonald, Laurie Jimmy, Niels Koehncke, Vivian R. Ramsden, Mark Fenton, Gregory P. Marchildon, Malcolm King…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:192
  12. Recent studies have shown that both adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are energy sensors and are related to autophagy. Our recent reports have...

    Authors: Di Gui, Zhimin Cui, Lin Zhang, Chang Yu, Dan Yao, Min Xu, Mayun Chen, Peiliang Wu, Guoping Li, Liangxing Wang and Xiaoying Huang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:191
  13. Accumulating evidence suggests that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is associated with pulmonary function and pulmonary disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between HDL c...

    Authors: Ji Hye Park, Seyeon Mun, Dong Phil Choi, Joo Young Lee and Hyeon Chang Kim
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:190
  14. Gene expression changes in the structural cells of the airways are thought to play a role in the development of asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness. This includes changes to smooth muscle contractile machine...

    Authors: Christopher D. Pascoe, Ma’en Obeidat, Bryna A. Arsenault, Yunlong Nie, Stephanie Warner, Dorota Stefanowicz, Samuel J. Wadsworth, Jeremy A. Hirota, S. Jasemine Yang, Delbert R. Dorscheid, Chris Carlsten, Tillie L. Hackett, Chun Y. Seow and Peter D. Paré
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:189
  15. Pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) in school aged children and adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) lead to increased morbidity and lung function decline. However, the effect of exacerbations in young children with CF ...

    Authors: Jordana E. Hoppe, Brandie D. Wagner, Scott D. Sagel, Frank J. Accurso and Edith T. Zemanick
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:188
  16. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. The study aimed to determine and compare the prevalence of COPD in the general population aged 45-74 years old accor...

    Authors: Edgardo Sobrino, Vilma E. Irazola, Laura Gutierrez, Chung-Shiuan Chen, Fernando Lanas, Matías Calandrelli, Jacqueline Ponzo, Nora Mores, Pamela Serón, Allison Lee, Jiang He and Adolfo L. Rubinstein
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:187
  17. Systemic morphine has evidence to support its use for reducing breathlessness in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The effectiveness of the nebulized route, however, has not ye...

    Authors: Piotr Janowiak, Małgorzata Krajnik, Zygmunt Podolec, Tomasz Bandurski, Iwona Damps-Konstańska, Piotr Sobański, David C. Currow and Ewa Jassem
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:186
  18. Multiple breath washout (MBW) became a valuable research tool assessing ventilation heterogeneity. However, routine clinical application still faces several challenges. Deriving MBW parameters from three techn...

    Authors: Frederik Trinkmann, Johannes Götzmann, Daniel Saur, Michele Schroeter, Katharina Roth, Ksenija Stach, Martin Borggrefe, Joachim Saur, Ibrahim Akin and Julia D. Michels
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:185
  19. Transbronchial biopsy for peripheral pulmonary lesions is generally performed under X-ray fluoroscopy. Virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) is a method in which virtual images of the bronchial route to the l...

    Authors: Fumihiro Asano, Takashi Ishida, Naofumi Shinagawa, Noriaki Sukoh, Masaki Anzai, Kenya Kanazawa, Akifumi Tsuzuku and Satoshi Morita
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:184
  20. Despite the recent increasing worldwide attention towards pulmonary hypertension (PH), its epidemiology remains poorly described in Africa. Accordingly, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of PH...

    Authors: Jean Joel Bigna, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Jobert Richie Nansseu and Leopold Ndemnge Aminde
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:183
  21. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. This study aim to assess differences in changes in arterial stiffness of two groups of patients, defined as having daytime sleepi...

    Authors: Maria Alexandra Mineiro, Pedro Marques da Silva, Marta Alves, Ana Luísa Papoila, Maria João Marques Gomes and João Cardoso
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:182
  22. Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is a valuable life support in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adult patients. However, the success of VV-ECMO is known to be influenced by...

    Authors: Meng-Yu Wu, Yu-Sheng Chang, Chung-Chi Huang, Tzu-I Wu and Pyng-Jing Lin
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:181
  23. The ability of interleukins (ILs) to differentiate tuberculous pleural effusion from other types of effusion is controversial. The aim of our study was to summarize the evidence for its use of ruling out or in...

    Authors: Ni Zeng, Chun Wan, Jiangyu Qin, Yanqiu Wu, Ting Yang, Yongchun Shen, Fuqiang Wen and Lei Chen
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:180
  24. Equitable access to affordable medicines and diagnostic tests is an integral component of optimal clinical care of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In Uganda, we lack cont...

    Authors: Davis Kibirige, Leaticia Kampiire, David Atuhe, Raymond Mwebaze, Winceslaus Katagira, Winters Muttamba, Rebecca Nantanda, William Worodria and Bruce Kirenga
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:179
  25. Guidelines recommend timely evaluation of patients with suspected lung cancer. We evaluated the impact of a Rapid Investigation Clinic (RIC) on timeliness of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment between Februar...

    Authors: Nicole Ezer, Asma Navasakulpong, Kevin Schwartzman, Linda Ofiara and Anne V. Gonzalez
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:178
  26. Patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) usually complain of sudden-onset dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain. However, asymptomatic PSP has been incidentally detected on chest X-rays. In this study, ...

    Authors: Akihisa Mitani, Yukichika Hakamata, Megumi Hosoi, Masafumi Horie, Yoko Murano, Akira Saito, Shintaro Yanagimoto, Shoji Tsuji, Kazuhiko Yamamoto and Takahide Nagase
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:177
  27. Inhaled corticosteroids are recommended as the first-line controller medication for childhood asthma owing to their multiple clinical benefits. However, heterogeneity in the response towards these drugs remain...

    Authors: Yi-Fan Wu, Ming-Wei Su, Bor-Luen Chiang, Yao-Hsu Yang, Ching-Hui Tsai and Yungling L. Lee
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:176
  28. When epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) acquires resistance to the initial tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, reassessing the tumor DNA by...

    Authors: Sakurako Uozu, Kazuyoshi Imaizumi, Teppei Yamaguchi, Yasuhiro Goto, Kenji Kawada, Tomoyuki Minezawa, Takuya Okamura, Ken Akao, Masamichi Hayashi, Sumito Isogai, Mitsushi Okazawa, Naozumi Hashimoto and Yoshinori Hasegawa
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:175
  29. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible interstitial pulmonary disease featured by high mortality, chronic and progressive course, and poor prognosis with unclear etiology. Currently, more studi...

    Authors: Feng Yan, Zhensong Wen, Rui Wang, Wenling Luo, Yufeng Du, Wenjun Wang and Xianyang Chen
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:174
  30. Alectinib, a second-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor, is a key drug for ALK rearranged lung adenocarcinoma. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is an important adverse effect of alectinib, whi...

    Authors: Tatsuya Nitawaki, Yoshihiko Sakata, Kodai Kawamura and Kazuya Ichikado
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:173
  31. After publication of this work [1] it was noticed that the author name Rachael L. DiSantostefano was not spelt correctly as there was a space in her surname between ‘Di’ and ‘Santostefano’.

    Authors: Céline El Baou, Rachael L. DiSantostefano, Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho, Elizabeth A. Suarez, David Stempel, Mark L. Everard and Neil Barnes
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:172

    The original article was published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:31

  32. After publication of this work [1] it was noticed three author names were spelt incorrectly. Liudmila Iashyna should be Liudmyla Iashyna, Marina Polyanskaya should be Maryna Polianska and Elcan Mamamdbayov should...

    Authors: Yuriy Feshchenko, Liudmyla Iashyna, Damilya Nugmanova, Olga Gyrina, Maryna Polianska, Alexander Markov, Maryna Moibenko, Janina Makarova, Luqman Tariq, Marcelo Horacio S. Pereira, Eljan Mammadbayov, Irada Akhundova and Averyan Vasylyev
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:171

    The original article was published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:131

  33. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic fungal infection that is associated with a high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. In this study, we a...

    Authors: J. Kehrmann, B. Veckollari, D. Schmidt, O. Schildgen, V. Schildgen, N. Wagner, M. Zeschnigk, L. Klein-Hitpass, O. Witzke, J. Buer and J. Steinmann
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:170
  34. Asthma inflammatory phenotypes are often defined by relative cell counts of airway eosinophils/neutrophils. However, the importance of neutrophilia remains unclear, as does the effect of ICS treatment on asthm...

    Authors: Collin R. Brooks, Christine J. Van Dalen, Elizabeth Harding, Ian F. Hermans and Jeroen Douwes
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:169
  35. Although pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels are often used to distinguish between tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) and parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE), this c...

    Authors: Jinlin Wang, Jun Liu, Xiaohong Xie, Panxiao Shen, Jianxing He and Yunxiang Zeng
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:168
  36. N-terminal pro-brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is currently used as a surrogate marker for disease severity in pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, NT-proBNP tends to have a high variability and ma...

    Authors: T. M. Berghaus, J. Kutsch, C. Faul, W. von Scheidt and M. Schwaiblmair
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:167
  37. Previously reported prognostic tools for patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) include factors found postoperatively, but not preoperatively. However, it would be important to predict patie...

    Authors: Shogo Kumagai, Satoshi Marumo, Machiko Arita, Keiji Yamanashi, Ryota Sumitomo, Yosuke Otake, Tsuyoshi Shoji, Motonari Fukui, Toshiro Katayama, Norihito Okumura and Cheng-Long Huang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:166
  38. Several studies have investigated the prevalence and risk factors of depression in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. However, few studies have investigated the prevalence and risk factors for obs...

    Authors: Matthieu Hein, Jean-Pol Lanquart, Gwenolé Loas, Philippe Hubain and Paul Linkowski
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:165
  39. Change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) is important for defining severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Serological neoepitope markers of collagen turnover may predict rate of ...

    Authors: Diana J. Leeming, Inger Byrjalsen, Jannie M. B. Sand, Asger R. Bihlet, Peter Lange, Ruth Thal-Singer, Bruce E. Miller, Morten A. Karsdal and Jørgen Vestbo
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:164
  40. Aging is a known risk factor of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the effects of advanced aging remain largely unknown. Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) ...

    Authors: Yulin Gao, Jinjin Zhang, Yuxia Liu, Songzi Zhang, Youlei Wang, Bo Liu, Huizhu Liu, Rongrong Li, Changjun Lv and Xiaodong Song
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:163
  41. Subcutaneous treprostinil is a prostacyclin analogue used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Due to local pain it can cause a deterioration of heart related quality of life (HRQoL) or even abandon...

    Authors: Marcin Kurzyna, Katarzyna Małaczyńska-Rajpold, Andrzej Koteja, Agnieszka Pawlak, Łukasz Chrzanowski, Michał Furdal, Zbigniew Gąsior, Wojciech Jacheć, Bożena Sobkowicz, Justyna Norwa, Tatiana Mularek-Kubzdela and Adam Torbicki
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:162
  42. Ultrasound is a convenient tool to evaluate cardiac and diaphragm function. The ratio (E/Ea) of mitral Doppler inflow velocity to annular tissue Doppler wave velocity by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) an...

    Authors: Ling Luo, Yidan Li, Xiukai Chen, Bing Sun, Wenxiong Li, Wei Gu, Shuo Wang, Song Zhao, Yanwei Lv, Mulei Chen, Jingen Xia, Feng Sui, Xue Mei, Huanzhong Shi and Zhaohui Tong
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:161
  43. Pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) are a major driver of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis and reducing their frequency by extending the time between them is an important therapeutic goal. Although treatme...

    Authors: Julia C. Espel, Hannah L. Palac, Joanne F. Cullina, Alexandria P. Clarke, Susanna A. McColley, Michelle H. Prickett and Manu Jain
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:160
  44. Recently, it was shown that chronic tobacco smoking evokes specific cellular and molecular changes in white blood cells by an excess of G protein-coupled receptor 15 (GPR15)-expressing T cells as well as a hyp...

    Authors: Mario Bauer, Beate Fink, Hans-Jürgen Seyfarth, Hubert Wirtz and Armin Frille
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:159
  45. (Over-)expression of arginase may limit local availability of arginine for nitric oxide synthesis. We investigated the significance of arginase1 (ARG1) for the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) a...

    Authors: Roy H. E. Cloots, Selvakumari Sankaranarayanan, Matthew E. Poynter, Els Terwindt, Paul van Dijk, Wouter H. Lamers and S. Eleonore Köhler
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:158
  46. Several studies have verified body fat distribution in association with pulmonary function (PF), mainly waist circumference, but few have used measures able to distinguish abdominal fat compartments. The prese...

    Authors: Paula Duarte de Oliveira, Fernando César Wehrmeister, Bernardo Lessa Horta, Rogelio Pérez-Padilla, Giovanny Vinícius Araújo de França, Denise P. Gigante, Fernando C. Barros, Ken K. Ong, Emanuella De Lucia Rolfe and Ana Maria Baptista Menezes
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:157
  47. The aim of this study was to differentiate unspecific and self-limiting fever after bronchoscopy from fever due to infection by using serum procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and neutrophil count. Furthermore, ...

    Authors: Klaus Hackner, Waltraud Riegler, Sabin Handzhiev, Rosemarie Bauer, Jan Veres, Manuela Speiser, Karin Meisinger and Peter Errhalt
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:156
  48. To report the prevalence of pleural plaques in a lung cancer screening trial by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and to test the association with incidence of lung cancer and mortality.

    Authors: Mario Silva, Nicola Sverzellati, Davide Colombi, Gianluca Milanese, Carlo La Vecchia, Carlotta Galeone, Alfonso Marchianò and Ugo Pastorino
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:155
  49. Patients with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) have impaired quality of life, and research suggests that dyspnea and physical activity are primary drivers. As PF progresses, some patients notice the disease “shrinks th...

    Authors: Elisabeth Dowling Root, Bridget Graney, Susan Baird, Tara Churney, Kailtin Fier, Majorie Korn, Mark McCormic, David Sprunger, Tomas Vierzba, Frederick S. Wamboldt and Jeffery J. Swigris
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:154
  50. Despite recognition of asthma as a growing global issue and development of global guidelines, asthma treatment practices vary between countries. Several studies have reported patients’ perspectives on asthma c...

    Authors: Kenneth R. Chapman, David Hinds, Peter Piazza, Chantal Raherison, Michael Gibbs, Timm Greulich, Kenneth Gaalswyk, Jiangtao Lin, Mitsuru Adachi and Kourtney J. Davis
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:153

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