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  1. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of osimertinib (OSI) versus afatinib (AFA) in patients with T790M-positive, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and multiple central nervous system (CNS) me...

    Authors: Yang Yang, Qilong Liu, Lei Cao, Wei Sun, Xiaowei Gu, Bin Liu, Na Xiao, Fei Teng, Xiaoli Li, Meiji Chen, Weiguang Yu, Huanyi Lin and Guixing Xu
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:172
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Life-threatening hemoptysis presents an immediate diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, especially during the perinatal period.

    Authors: Yujun Li, Yuyao Wang, Zhike Liang, Chuzhi Pan, Xiaomei Huang, Zexun Mo, Guodong Chen, Dongliang Zhu, Ziwen Zhao and Shuquan Wei
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:171
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  3. Despite the severe symptoms experienced by dying COPD patients, specialized palliative care (SPC) services focus mainly on cancer patients. We aimed to study the access to SPC that COPD and lung cancer (LC) pa...

    Authors: Peter Strang, Per Fürst, Christel Hedman, Jenny Bergqvist, Helena Adlitzer and Torbjörn Schultz
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:170
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Oroscomucoid 3 (ORMDL3) has been linked to susceptibility of childhood asthma and respiratory viral infection. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) is a synthetic analog of viral double-stranded RNA, a t...

    Authors: Gemma Laura, Yi Liu, Kieran Fernandes, Saffron A. G. Willis-Owen, Kazuhiro Ito, William O. Cookson, Miriam F. Moffatt and Youming Zhang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:167
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is known to be one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally. In recent decades, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been indicated to exert pivotal regulating function...

    Authors: Honggang Kang, Dan Ma, Jing Zhang, Jun Zhao and Mengxiang Yang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:166
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Nintedanib is effective for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but some patients may exhibit a suboptimal response and develop on-treatment acute exacerbation (AE-IPF), hepatic injury, or mortality....

    Authors: Tang-Hsiu Huang, Chin-Wei Kuo, Chian-Wei Chen, Yau-Lin Tseng, Chao-Liang Wu and Sheng-Hsiang Lin
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:165
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:193

  9. In this retrospective observational study, we analyzed all patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension undergoing LenusPro® pump implantation between November 2013 and October 2019 at our center. Periprocedu...

    Authors: Jan C. Kamp, Jan Fuge, Jan F. Karsten, Stefan Rümke, Marius M. Hoeper, Da-Hee Park, Christian Kühn and Karen M. Olsson
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:164
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. ID1 is associated with resistance to the first generation of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the effect of ID1 expression on osimertinib resistance i...

    Authors: Kejun Liu, Xianwen Chen, Ligang Wu, Shiyuan Chen, Nianxin Fang, Limin Cai and Jun Jia
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:163
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. No national research has yet explored the prevalence of asthma among adults in Lebanon. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma and current asthma, and their determinants among...

    Authors: Zeina Akiki, Danielle Saadeh, Rita Farah, Souheil Hallit, Hala Sacre, Hassan Hosseini and Pascale Salameh
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:162
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Suspicion and clinical criteria continue to serve as the foundation for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) diagnosis, however the criteria used to diagnose VAP vary widely. Data from head-to-head comparison...

    Authors: Farshid Rahimibashar, Andrew C. Miller, Mojtaba H. Yaghoobi and Amir Vahedian-Azimi
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:161
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. To investigate the indications for high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC) therapy in patients with hypoxemia during ventilator weaning and to explore the predictors of reintubation when treatment fails.

    Authors: Taotao Liu, Qinyu Zhao and Bin Du
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:160
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:194

  14. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease with a complex progression of many clinical presentations, and clinically important deterioration (CID) has been proposed in the Western ...

    Authors: Yuki Abe, Masaru Suzuki, Hironi Makita, Hirokazu Kimura, Kaoruko Shimizu, Satoshi Konno and Masaharu Nishimura
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:159
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure (OPEP) devices are important adjuncts to airway clearance therapy in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Current devices are typically reusable and require daily, or of...

    Authors: Kevin J. O’Sullivan, Valerie Power, Barry Linnane, Deirdre McGrath, Magdalena Mulligan, Rebecca White, Leonard W. O’Sullivan and Colum P. Dunne
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:158
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Factors that may increase the risk for delirium and the firm knowledge around mechanism for delirium in noninvasive ventilation (NIV) patients is lacking. We investigated the incidence, characteristics, and ou...

    Authors: Rui Zhang, Linfu Bai, Xiaoli Han, Shicong Huang, Lintong Zhou and Jun Duan
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:157
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. The utility of bronchoscopy for patients with suspected immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related pneumonitis is currently debatable. The purpose of this study was to examine the findings of bronchoalveolar la...

    Authors: Osamu Nishiyama, Shigeki Shimizu, Koji Haratani, Kosuke Isomoto, Junko Tanizaki, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Ryo Yamazaki, Takashi Oomori, Yusaku Nishikawa, Akiko Sano, Kazuhiko Nakagawa and Yuji Tohda
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:155
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Lefamulin, a first-in-class pleuromutilin antibiotic approved for intravenous and oral use in adults with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP), was noninferior to moxifloxacin in the Lefamulin Evaluat...

    Authors: Thomas M. File Jr., Elizabeth Alexander, Lisa Goldberg, Anita F. Das, Christian Sandrock, Susanne Paukner and Gregory J. Moran
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:154
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Methacholine challenge tests (MCTs) are used to diagnose airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in patients with suspected asthma where previous diagnostic testing has been inconclusive. The test is time consuming a...

    Authors: Michael Peled, David Ovadya, Jennifer Cohn, Lior Seluk, Teet Pullerits, Michael J. Segel and Amir Onn
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:153
    Content type: Research Article Published on:

  21. It is important to assess the prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Recently, it was suggested that diffusing capacity of the lung for...

    Authors: Juwhan Choi, Jae Kyeom Sim, Jee Youn Oh, Young Seok Lee, Gyu Young Hur, Sung Yong Lee, Jae Jeong Shim, Chin Kook Rhee and Kyung Hoon Min
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:152
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. It is difficult to assess the impact of multiple comorbidities on clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we aimed to investigate exacerbation-associated comorbidities...

    Authors: Youngmee Kim, Ye-Jee Kim, Yu Mi Kang and Won-Kyung Cho
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:151
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Acute exacerbation (AE) is a devastating phenomenon and reported to be complicated with systemic autoimmune disease-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD). The aim of this study was to investigate the inci...

    Authors: Hiroyuki Kamiya and Ogee Mer Panlaqui
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:150
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Several studies demonstrate that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in the process of bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Tauroursodeoxycholi...

    Authors: Bin Tong, Lin Fu, Biao Hu, Zhi-Cheng Zhang, Zhu-Xia Tan, Se-Ruo Li, Yuan-Hua Chen, Cheng Zhang, Hua Wang, De-Xiang Xu and Hui Zhao
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:149
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. There is limited data available on the use of CPET as a predictive tool for disease outcomes in the setting of IPF. We investigated the feasibility of undertaking CPET and the relationship between CPET and qua...

    Authors: R. Davis, C. Dixon, A. B. Millar, N. A. Maskell and S. L. Barratt
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:147
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) in the diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is not a common approach, although TBLB is often performed in diffuse lung diseases. We aimed to examine the diagnostic valu...

    Authors: Wenshuai Xu, Han Cui, Hongrui Liu, Ruie Feng, Xinlun Tian, Yanli Yang and Kai-Feng Xu
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Pirfenidone is an anti-fibrotic agent shown to slow the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, its effectiveness in association with serological autoimmune features in IPF remains unclear.

    Authors: Myung Jin Song, Sang Hoon Lee, Ji Ye Jung, Young Ae Kang, Moo Suk Park, Young Sam Kim, Joon Chang and Song Yee Kim
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:145
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Pulmonary diseases affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but there are few data on patients’ adaptation to a serious illness. This study assessed resilience and its associations with HRQoL, life satis...

    Authors: Siiri Isokääntä, Kirsi Honkalampi, Hannu Kokki, Harri Sintonen and Merja Kokki
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:144
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, the impact of AKI on in-hospital outcomes of patients with CAP in the Chinese population remains unclear.

    Authors: Dawei Chen, Hongbo Yuan, Changchun Cao, Zhihe Liu, Linglin Jiang, Yan Tan, Ji Ding, Mengqing Ma, Wenjuan Huang and Xin Wan
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:143
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. In nonneutropenic patients with underlying respiratory diseases (URD), invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a life-threatening disease. Yet establishing early diagnosis in those patients remains quite a c...

    Authors: Fei Chen, Yonghong Zhong, Na Li, Huijie Wang, Yanbin Tan, Hao Zhang, Wen Hua, Yanxiong Mao and Huaqiong Huang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:142
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. The effects of oral antihyperglycaemic drugs (OADs) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on the outcomes of co-existing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are not well studied. We examined th...

    Authors: Kuan-Yuan Chen, Sheng-Ming Wu, Chien-Hua Tseng, Kang-Yun Lee, Yu-Huei Lin, Hung-Yi Liu and Li-Nien Chien
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:141
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Self-care practice of asthma is the strategy for asthma symptom control and future reduction of exacerbation, but it is poorly implemented in clinical settings due to the patients, professionals, and organizat...

    Authors: Sosna Melkamu Abegaz, Mulugeta Wassie and Abere Woretaw Azagew
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:140
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Millions of Americans are living in food deserts in the United States, however the role of the local food environment on COPD has not been studied. The aim of this study is to determine the association between...

    Authors: Eric Moughames, Han Woo, Panagis Galiatsatos, Karina Romero-Rivero, Sarath Raju, Vickram Tejwani, Eric A. Hoffman, Alejandro P. Comellas, Victor E. Ortega, Trisha Parekh, Jerry A. Krishnan, Michael B. Drummond, David Couper, Russell G. Buhr, Robert Paine, Joel D. Kaufman…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Mucorales is a highly lethal invasive fungal infection usually found in immunocompromised patients. Isolated pulmonary mucormycosis in immunocompetent patients is very rare. He...

    Authors: Jianhan He, Gaohong Sheng, Huihui Yue, Fengqin Zhang and Hui-Lan Zhang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:138
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  36. Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a relatively rare complication after various types of pulmonary resection. The double-sided mushroom-shaped occluder (Amplatzer device, AD) has been gradually used for BPF block...

    Authors: Jisong Zhang, Huihui Hu, Li Xu, Shan Xu, Jihong Zhu, Fengjie Wu and Enguo Chen
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:137
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  37. All over the world, SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is causing a significant short-term morbidity and mortality, but the medium-term impact on lung function and quality of life of affected patients are still unknown.

    Authors: Pietro Gianella, Elia Rigamonti, Marco Marando, Adriana Tamburello, Lorenzo Grazioli Gauthier, Gianluca Argentieri, Carla Puligheddu, Alberto Pagnamenta, Marco Pons and Tanja Fusi-Schmidhauser
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:136
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:340

  38. The surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is the recommended sampling technique when the pathological analysis of the lung is required in the work-up of an interstitial lung disease (ILD) but trans-bronchial lung cryobio...

    Authors: Benjamin Bondue, Pascal Schlossmacher, Nathalie Allou, Virgile Gazaille, Olivier Taton, Pierre Alain Gevenois, Frederic Vandergheynst, Myriam Remmelink and Dimitri Leduc
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:135
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. Establishment of a mouse model is important for investigating the mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we observed and compared the evolution of the pathology in two mouse ...

    Authors: Yue Yang, Tingting Di, Zixiao Zhang, Jiaxin Liu, Congli Fu, Yan Wu and Tao Bian
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:134
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Among the challenges for personalizing the management of mechanically ventilated patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are the effects of different ...

    Authors: Mikuláš Mlček, Michal Otáhal, João Batista Borges, Glasiele Cristina Alcala, Dominik Hladík, Eduard Kuriščák, Leoš Tejkl, Marcelo Amato and Otomar Kittnar
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:133
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Complex pleural space infections are commonly managed with antibiotics, pleural drainage, intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy, and surgery. These strategies often utilize radiographic imaging during management, ...

    Authors: Christopher R. Gilbert, Anee S. Jackson, Candice L. Wilshire, Leah C. Horslen, Shu-Ching Chang, Adam J. Bograd, Eric Vallieres and Jed A. Gorden
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:132
    Content type: Research Article Published on:

  42. The extend of lung disease remains the most important prognostic factor for survival in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), and lack of adherence is the main reason for treatment failure. Early detection of de...

    Authors: Stephanie Thee, Mirjam Stahl, Rainald Fischer, Sivagurunathan Sutharsan, Manfred Ballmann, Axel Müller, Daniel Lorenz, Dominika Urbanski-Rini, Franziska Püschner, Volker Eric Amelung, Carola Fuchs and Marcus Alexander Mall
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:131
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  43. Although combination therapy is the gold standard for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), some of these patients are still being treated with monotherapy.

    Authors: Beate Stubbe, Hans-Jürgen Seyfarth, Janina Kleymann, Michael Halank, Hussam Al Ghorani, Anne Obst, Susanna Desole, Ralf Ewert and Christian F. Opitz
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:130
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by incomplete reversible airflow limitation and chronic inflammatory response lesions. This study mainly explored whether FGFR2 and MGAT5 polymorphism...

    Authors: Xiaobo Li, Guangyu Zhou, Xiaobo Tian, Fei Chen, Guoyao Li and Yipeng Ding
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:129
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. At present, there is no generally accepted comprehensive prognostic risk prediction model for medically treated chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients.

    Authors: Ruilin Quan, Yuanhua Yang, Zhenwen Yang, Hongyan Tian, Shengqing Li, Jieyan Shen, Yingqun Ji, Gangcheng Zhang, Caojin Zhang, Guangyi Wang, Yuhao Liu, Zhaozhong Cheng, Zaixin Yu, Zhiyuan Song, Zeqi Zheng, Wei Cui…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:128
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Complicated parapneumonic effusions and empyema represent advanced stages of pleural infections and are characterized by a high mortality. Medical thoracoscopy is a safe and minimally invasive endoscopic techn...

    Authors: Michele Mondoni, Laura Saderi, Federica Trogu, Silvia Terraneo, Paolo Carlucci, Filippo Ghelma, Stefano Centanni and Giovanni Sotgiu
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:127
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is a rare condition characterized by dyspnoea (platypnea) and arterial desaturation in the upright position resolved in the supine position (orthodeoxia). Intracardiac shun...

    Authors: Charlotte Vanhomwegen, Olivier Taton, Nicolas Selvais, Olivier Vanhove and Dimitri Leduc
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:126
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  48. The identification of NTRK fusions in tumours has become critically important due to the actionable events predictive of response to TRK inhibitor. It is not clear whether the NTRK breakpoint location is diffe...

    Authors: Lei Zhang, Huanhuan Liu, Ye Tian, Huina Wang and Xueying Yang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:125
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  49. Lung transplant (LTX) can provide a survival benefit and improve physical function for selected patients with advanced pulmonary disease. Sarcopenia is a systemic muscle-failure that can be found in a variety ...

    Authors: Etsuhiro Nikkuni, Takashi Hirama, Kazuki Hayasaka, Sakiko Kumata, Shinichi Kotan, Yui Watanabe, Hisashi Oishi, Hiromichi Niikawa, Masahiro Kohzuki and Yoshinori Okada
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:124
    Content type: Research Article Published on:

  50. The effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia has been controversial.

    Authors: Toshihiro Masuda, Eiji Nakatani, Toshihiro Shirai, Taisuke Akamatsu, Kanami Tamura, Shingo Takahashi, Yuko Tanaka, Hirofumi Watanabe, Yoshinari Endo, Takahito Suzuki, Mika Saigusa, Akito Yamamoto, Satoru Morita, Yoko Sato and Kazuhiro Asada
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2021 21:123
    Content type: Research Published on:
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BMC Pulmonary Medicine

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