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  1. Asthma prevalence is generally lower in rural locations with some indication of an urban-rural gradient. However, among children with asthma, certain rural exposures thought to protect against the development ...

    Authors: Joshua A. Lawson, Donna C. Rennie, Don W. Cockcroft, Roland Dyck, Anna Afanasieva, Oluwafemi Oluwole and Jinnat Afsana
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:4
  2. In 2014, the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) reported that the highest prevalence of symptoms of severe asthma was found in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), includ...

    Authors: Oluwafemi Oluwole, Ganiyu O. Arinola, Dezheng Huo and Christopher O. Olopade
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:3
  3. The diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains time-consuming and costly, the clinical tools lack specificity and a bedside test to exclude infection in suspected patients is unavailable. Breat...

    Authors: Pouline M. P. van Oort, Tamara Nijsen, Hans Weda, Hugo Knobel, Paul Dark, Timothy Felton, Nicholas J. W. Rattray, Oluwasola Lawal, Waqar Ahmed, Craig Portsmouth, Peter J. Sterk, Marcus J. Schultz, Tetyana Zakharkina, Antonio Artigas, Pedro Povoa, Ignacio Martin-Loeches…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:1
  4. A high strength of beclomethasone/formoterol fumarate (BDP/FF) in a pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI), which contains extrafine BDP (200 μg/actuation) and FF (6 μg/actuation) has been developed to treat tho...

    Authors: Pierluigi Paggiaro, Massimo Corradi, Manuela Latorre, Helene Raptis, Annamaria Muraro, Christian Gessner, Zenon Siergiejko, Mario Scuri and Stefano Petruzzelli
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:180
  5. Saline fluid nebulization is highly recommend to combat the complications following tracheostomy, yet the understandings on the role of osmolality in saline solution for nebulization remain unclear.

    Authors: Zunjia Wen, Chao Wu, Feifei Cui, Haiying Zhang, Binbin Mei and Meifen Shen
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:179
  6. The aim of this study was to assess the association of key adiposity markers with lung function in smokers without respiratory disease in a Mediterranean population.

    Authors: Mar Sorlí-Aguilar, Francisco Martín-Luján, Gemma Flores-Mateo, Cristina Jardí-Piñana, Estefania Aparicio-Llopis, Josep Basora-Gallisà and Rosa Solà-Alberich
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:178
  7. Staging of mediastinal lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is mandatory. The maximum Standard Uptake Value (SUVmax) obtained using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) i...

    Authors: M. Serra Fortuny, M. Gallego, Ll Berna, C. Montón, L. Vigil, M. J. Masdeu, A. Fernández-Villar, M. I. Botana, R. Cordovilla, R. García-Luján, E. Cases and E. Monsó
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:177
  8. Little is known about risk factors for chronic and mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) adults, and whether the prevalence is changing.

    Authors: Mathew R. Crull, Kathleen J. Ramos, Ellen Caldwell, Nicole Mayer-Hamblett, Moira L. Aitken and Christopher H. Goss
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:176
  9. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare multisystem genetic disorder. During the course of the disease it can be rarely complicated with pulmonary hypertension (PH) which confers a dismal prognosis.

    Authors: George Giannakoulas, Panagiotis Savvoulidis, Vasilios Grosomanidis, Sophia-Anastasia Mouratoglou, Haralambos Karvounis and Stavros Hadjimiltiades
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:175
  10. The airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are highly complex, subject to various environmental conditions as well as a distinct microbiota. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is recognized as one of the most importan...

    Authors: Anjali Y. Bhagirath, Yanqi Li, Deepti Somayajula, Maryam Dadashi, Sara Badr and Kangmin Duan
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:174
  11. Physical and psychological symptoms are the hallmark of patients’ subjective perception of their illness. The purpose of this analysis was to determine if patients with COPD have distinctive symptom profiles a...

    Authors: Huong Q. Nguyen, Jerald R. Herting, Kenneth C. Pike, Sina A. Gharib, Gustavo Matute-Bello, Soo Borson, Ruth Kohen, Sandra G. Adams and Vincent S. Fan
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:173
  12. Perceived Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is impaired in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study examines changes in HRQoL aspects occurring immediately after CPAP titration. Furthermore, we analyzed ...

    Authors: Serena Iacono Isidoro, Adriana Salvaggio, Anna Lo Bue, Salvatore Romano, Oreste Marrone and Giuseppe Insalaco
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:172
  13. Major trauma patients (TP) developing imbalanced immune response are at high risk for infectious post-injury complications including pneumonia. Neutrophils play a central role in the host defense against bacte...

    Authors: B. Relja, R. Taraki, M. P. J. Teuben, K. Mörs, N. Wagner, S. Wutzler, F. Hildebrand, M. Perl and I. Marzi
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:171
  14. To identify markers for earlier diagnosis of severe pneumonia, we assess the correlation between serum cytokine profile of children with different pneumonia severity.

    Authors: Rita de Cássia Coelho Moraes de Brito, Norma Lucena-Silva, Leuridan Cavalcante Torres, Carlos Feitosa Luna, Jaílson de Barros Correia and Giselia Alves Pontes da Silva
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:170
  15. Hypoxemia is a major complication of COPD and is a strong predictor of mortality. We previously identified independent risk factors for the presence of resting hypoxemia in the COPDGene cohort. However, little...

    Authors: J. Michael Wells, Raul San Jose Estepar, Merry-Lynn N. McDonald, Surya P. Bhatt, Alejandro A. Diaz, William C. Bailey, Francine L. Jacobson, Mark T. Dransfield, George R. Washko, Barry J. Make, Richard Casaburi, Edwin J. R. van Beek, Eric A. Hoffman, Frank C. Sciurba, James D. Crapo, Edwin K. Silverman…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:169
  16. Anti-glycyl-tRNA synthetase (anti-EJ) antibody is occasionally positive in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). We aimed to define the clinical, radiological and pathological features of patients wit...

    Authors: Hajime Sasano, Eri Hagiwara, Hideya Kitamura, Yasunori Enomoto, Norikazu Matsuo, Tomohisa Baba, Shinichiro Iso, Koji Okudela, Tae Iwasawa, Shinji Sato, Yasuo Suzuki, Tamiko Takemura and Takashi Ogura
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:168
  17. The purpose of the study was to analyze the characteristics and evolution of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) in the postoperative period of heart surgery in children.

    Authors: Sarah Fernández Lafever, Blanca Toledo, Miguel Leiva, Maite Padrón, Marina Balseiro, Angel Carrillo and Jesús López-Herce
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:167
  18. Nowadays, small peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) are frequently detected and the prognosis of lung cancer depends on the early diagnosis. Because of the high fee and requiring specialized training, many adv...

    Authors: Chaosheng Deng, Xiaoming Cao, Dawen Wu, Haibo Ding, Ruixiong You, Qunlin Chen, Linying Chen, Xin Zhang, Qiaoxian Zhang and Yongquan Wu
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:166
  19. During the last few years, investigators have debated the role that infectious agents may have in sarcoidosis pathogenesis. With the emergence of new molecular biology techniques, several studies have been con...

    Authors: Tiago Esteves, Gloria Aparicio and Vicente Garcia-Patos
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:165
  20. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cardiac troponin (cTn) elevation, indicating myocardial injury, is frequent during acute COPD exacerbations...

    Authors: Anke Neukamm, Gunnar Einvik, Arne Didrik Høiseth, Vidar Søyseth, Nils Henrik Holmedahl, Natalia Kononova and Torbjørn Omland
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:164
  21. The interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) is more specific than the tuberculin skin test to discriminate between tuberculosis (TB) and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) diseases. Here we performed a retrospec...

    Authors: Mao-Shui Wang, Jun-Li Wang and Xin-Feng Wang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:163
  22. Diet can help preserve lung function in smokers, in addition to avoidance of smoking. The study aimed to evaluate associations between dietary patterns and lung function in smokers without respiratory disease.

    Authors: Mar Sorli-Aguilar, Francisco Martin-Lujan, Gemma Flores-Mateo, Victoria Arija-Val, Josep Basora-Gallisa and Rosa Sola-Alberich
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:162
  23. The aim of this study was to assess whether serology and spirometry and the combination of both can complement culture-based detection for earlier recognition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in children with ...

    Authors: Ana Kotnik Pirš, Uroš Krivec, Saša Simčič and Katja Seme
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:161
  24. Carotid body O2-chemosensitivity determines the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) as part of crucial regulatory reflex within oxygen homeostasis. Nicotine has been suggested to attenuate HVR in neonates of smoki...

    Authors: Wulf Hildebrandt, Roland Sauer, Ulrich Koehler, Peter Bärtsch and Ralf Kinscherf
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:159
  25. The incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) continue to rise worldwide. Increasing age, diabetes, hypertension, and cigarette smoking are well-recognized risk factors for CKD. Chronic obstruct...

    Authors: Swarna Gaddam, Sameer K. Gunukula, James W. Lohr and Pradeep Arora
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:158
  26. Although a number of studies have suggested that the use of Telemonitoring (TM) in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) can be useful and efficacious, its real utility in detecting Acute ...

    Authors: Andrea Vianello, Massimo Fusello, Lorenzo Gubian, Claudia Rinaldo, Claudio Dario, Alessandra Concas, Claudio Saccavini, Laura Battistella, Giulia Pellizzon, Giuseppe Zanardi and Silvia Mancin
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:157
  27. Following recent approval of pirfenidone and nintedanib for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), questions arise about the use of these antifibrotics in patients awaiting lung transplantation (LTx).

    Authors: Isabelle Delanote, Wim A. Wuyts, Jonas Yserbyt, Eric K. Verbeken, Geert M. Verleden and Robin Vos
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:156
  28. The most efficient approach to diagnose malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) is still controversial and uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of a combined approach using ultrasound (US)-guided cut...

    Authors: Jinlin Wang, Xinghua Zhou, Xiaohong Xie, Qing Tang, Panxiao Shen and Yunxiang Zeng
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:155
  29. South Korea has experienced problems regarding poor management of symptoms of asthma patients and remarkable increases in sleep disorders. However, few studies have investigated these issues. We examined the r...

    Authors: Kyu-Tae Han, Hong-Chul Bae, Sang Gyu Lee, Seung Ju Kim, Woorim Kim, Hyo Jung Lee, Yeong Jun Ju and Eun-Cheol Park
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:154
  30. Despite advances in asthma treatment, severe asthma (SA) still results in high morbidity and use of health resources. Our hypothesis was that SA patients would achieve adequate control with a systematic protoc...

    Authors: Rodrigo Athanazio, Regina Carvalho-Pinto, Frederico Leon Arrabal Fernandes, Samia Rached, Klaus Rabe, Alberto Cukier and Rafael Stelmach
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:153
  31. Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) has been associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness and asthma; however, no population-based cohort study has been performed. We evaluated the risk of asthma in patients with primary...

    Authors: Te-Chun Shen, Hsuan-Ju Chen, Chang-Ching Wei, Chia-Hung Chen, Chih-Yen Tu, Te-Chun Hsia, Chuen-Ming Shih, Wu-Huei Hsu, Fung-Chang Sung and Da-Tian Bau
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:152
  32. Limited studies have examined the association between lung cancer and bronchiectasis (BE). This study evaluated the regional association between BE and lung cancer by analyzing the lobar location of lung cance...

    Authors: Yeon Wook Kim, Chang-Hoon Lee, Kwang-Nam Jin, Jung-Kyu Lee, Eun Young Heo, Sung Soo Park, Hee Soon Chung and Deog Kyeom Kim
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:151
  33. Asthma is a prevalent chronic disease and occupation contributes to approximately 15 % of cases among adults. However, there are still few studies on risk factors for work-exacerbated asthma. The current study...

    Authors: Jeong-Lim Kim, Paul K. Henneberger, Susanna Lohman, Anna-Carin Olin, Anna Dahlman-Höglund, Eva Andersson, Kjell Torén and Mathias Holm
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:148
  34. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends tuberculosis (TB) screening at HIV diagnosis. We evaluated the inclusion of rapid urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) testing in TB screening algorithms.

    Authors: Paul K. Drain, Elena Losina, Sharon M. Coleman, Janet Giddy, Douglas Ross, Jeffrey N. Katz and Ingrid V. Bassett
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:147
  35. Reduced lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is likely due to both environmental and genetic factors. We report here a targeted high-throughput DNA sequencing approach to...

    Authors: Hans Matsson, Cilla Söderhäll, Elisabet Einarsdottir, Maxime Lamontagne, Sanna Gudmundsson, Helena Backman, Anne Lindberg, Eva Rönmark, Juha Kere, Don Sin, Dirkje S. Postma, Yohan Bossé, Bo Lundbäck and Joakim Klar
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:146
  36. Exercise training positively influences exercise tolerance and functional capacity of patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We hypothe...

    Authors: Lars Harbaum, Emilia Renk, Sara Yousef, Antonia Glatzel, Nicole Lüneburg, Jan K. Hennigs, Tim Oqueka, Hans J. Baumann, Djordje Atanackovic, Ekkehard Grünig, Rainer H. Böger, Carsten Bokemeyer and Hans Klose
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:145
  37. Pneumocystis jirovecii is responsible for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), which occurs almost exclusively in immunocompromised individuals. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) is regarded as the first-line trea...

    Authors: Hongjuan Li, Haoming Huang and Hangyong He
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:144
  38. Due to the heterogeneous and systemic nature of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the new guidelines are oriented toward individualized attention. Multidimensional scales could facilitate its p...

    Authors: Maite Espantoso-Romero, Miguel Román Rodríguez, Ana Duarte-Pérez, Jaime Gonzálvez-Rey, Pedro A. Callejas-Cabanillas, Durdica Kasuba Lazic, Berta Anta-Agudo, Pere Torán Monserrat, Rosa Magallon-Botaya, Biljana Gerasimovska Kitanovska, Heidrun Lingner, Radost S. Assenova, Claudia Iftode, Francisco Gude-Sampedro and Ana Clavería
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:143
  39. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an important comorbidity in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Previous bacterial microbiome studies have shown increased abundance of spec...

    Authors: Marc A. Sze, Stella Xu, Janice M. Leung, Emily A. Vucic, Tawimas Shaipanich, Aida Moghadam, Marianne Harris, Silvia Guillemi, Sunita Sinha, Corey Nislow, Darra Murphy, Cameron Hague, Jonathon Leipsic, Stephen Lam, Wan Lam, Julio S. Montaner…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:142
  40. The structural changes of the respiratory system related to ageing determine lung function decline in healthy subjects after 25 years of age. An annual reduction of 25 ml in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FE...

    Authors: P. C. A. Almeida, E. V. Ponte, A. Souza-Machado and A. A. Cruz
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:141
  41. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients often present considerable individual medical burden in their symptoms, limitations, and well-being that complicate medical treatment. To improve their ove...

    Authors: Bernardino Alcazar, Pilar de Lucas, Joan B. Soriano, Alonso Fernández-Nistal, Antonia Fuster, Jose Miguel Rodríguez González-Moro, Aurelio Arnedillo, Patricia García Sidro and María José Espinosa de los Monteros
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:140
  42. Persistent interstitial pulmonary emphysema (PIE) is a rare disease and it is even more uncommon in full-term infants, like our patient. When conservative management is not successful, surgical treatment shoul...

    Authors: Blanca Toledo del Castillo, Isabel Gordillo, Elena Rubio García, Sarah Nicole Fernández Lafever, Rafael Gonzalez Cortés, Javier Urbano Villaescusa, Jorge López González, María José Solana García and Jesús López-Herce Cid
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:139
  43. The pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are not fully understood. Few studies have examined autopsy findings in patients who have died from an acute...

    Authors: Iwao Emura and Hiroyuki Usuda
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:138
  44. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is increasingly acknowledged as a separate syndrome with distinct clinical, physiological and radiological characteristics. We sought to identify physiologic an...

    Authors: Lijuan Zhang, Chunling Zhang, Fushi Dong, Qi Song, Fangzhou Chi, Lu Liu, Yupeng Wang and Chunli Che
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:137
  45. Respiratory failure, infections and aspiration pneumonia, are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). In a population-based cohort, we assessed (a) hospital utilizati...

    Authors: Federica Edith Pisa, Giancarlo Logroscino, Paolo Giacomelli Battiston and Fabio Barbone
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:136
  46. In many countries worldwide, the long-acting anticholinergic drug tiotropium is available as a dry powder formulation delivered by means of the HandiHaler® inhalation device and as an aqueous solution delivere...

    Authors: Ronald Dahl and Alan Kaplan
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:135
  47. Long-term outcome and quality of life (QOL) in patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation after failure to wean in the ICU is scarcely documented. We aimed to evaluate long-term survival and QOL in pa...

    Authors: P. Depuydt, S. Oeyen, S. De Smet, S. De Raedt, D. Benoit, J. Decruyenaere and E. Derom
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:133

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