|  | ICU Admission | Severe Sepsis | Comorbidity | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | All | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | |
N | 1893 | 303 (16.0) | 1590 (84.0) | 582 (30.7) | 1311 (69.3) | 1373 (72.5) | 520 (27.5) | |
Age, years, mean (SD) | 67.8 (16.8) | 68.1 (15.7) | 67.7 (17.0) | 71.5 (15.7) | 66.1 (17.0) | 69.9 (15.3) | 62.2 (19.1) | |
Male gender, n (%) | 983 (51.9) | 168 (55.4) | 815 (51.3) | 329 (56.5) | 654 (49.9) | 738 (53.8) | 245 (47.1) | |
Race, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
   White | 1527 (80.7) | 245 (80.9) | 1282 (80.6) | 494 (84.9) | 1033 (78.8) | 1121 (81.6) | 406 (78.1) | |
   Black | 299 (15.8) | 51 (16.8) | 248 (15.6) | 73 (12.5) | 226 (17.2) | 206 (15.0) | 93 (17.9) | |
   Other | 67 (3.5) | 7 (2.3) | 60 (3.8) | 15 (2.6) | 52 (4.0) | 46 (3.4) | 21 (4.0) | |
Underlying diseasea | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
   Charlson comorbidity >0, n (%) | 1373 (72.5) | 225 (74.3) | 1148 (72.2) | 446 (76.6) | 927 (70.7) | 1373 (100.0) | n/a | |
   Charlson comorbidity, mean (SD) | 1.9 (2.2) | 1.9 (2.2) | 1.9 (2.2) | 2.2 (2.3) | 1.8 (2.2) | 2.7 (2.2) | n/a | |
   Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 487 (25.7) | 79 (26.1) | 408 (25.7) | 163 (28.0) | 324 (24.7) | 487 (35.5) | n/a | |
   Respiratory disease, n (%) | 717 (37.9) | 118 (38.9) | 599 (37.7) | 207 (35.6) | 510 (38.9) | 717 (52.2) | n/a | |
   Chronic hemodialysis, n (%) | 48 (2.5) | 11 (3.6) | 37 (2.3) | 9 (1.5) | 39 (3.0) | 48 (3.5) | n/a | |
   Cirrhosis, n (%) | 5 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 4 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | 4 (0.3) | 5 (0.4) | n/a | |
PSI, mean (SD) | 99.8 (38.1) | 124.2 (40.7) | 95.1 (35.8) | 121.2 (40.4) | 90.3 (32.9) | 106.8 (37.8) | 81.4 (32.3) | |
PSI class, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
   I and II | 428 (22.6) | 26 (8.6) | 402 (25.3) | 55 (9.5) | 373 (28.5) | 216 (15.7) | 212 (40.8) | |
   III | 392 (20.7) | 35 (11.6) | 357 (22.5) | 76 (13.1) | 316 (24.1) | 265 (19.3) | 127 (24.4) | |
   IV | 708 (37.4) | 116 (38.3) | 592 (37.2) | 230 (39.5) | 478 (36.5) | 571 (41.6) | 137 (26.3) | |
   V | 365 (19.3) | 126 (41.6) | 239 (15.0) | 221 (38.0) | 144 (11.0) | 321 (23.4) | 44 (8.5) | |
APACHE III, mean (SD) | 56.1 (17.9) | 67.7 (20.5) | 53.9 (16.4) | 65.8 (19.8) | 51.8 (15.1) | 58.6 (17.6) | 49.4 (16.8) | |
SOFA, mean (SD) | 2.4 (1.9) | 3.7 (2.7) | 2.2 (1.7) | 3.7 (2.4) | 1.8 (1.3) | 2.5 (2.1) | 2.1 (1.6) | |
Duration of symptoms prior to ED presentation, daysb, mean (SD) | 4.9 (7.1) | 4.7 (6.8) | 5.0 (7.2) | 4.9 (7.6) | 5.0 (6.9) | 4.8 (7.2) | 5.3 (7.0) | |
Antibiotics before presentation, n (%) | 333 (17.6) | 57 (18.8) | 276 (17.4) | 93 (16.0) | 240 (18.3) | 233 (17.0) | 100 (19.2) | |
Transfusion in hospital, n (%) | 176 (9.3) | 97 (32.0) | 79 (5.0) | 125 (21.5) | 51 (3.9) | 138 (10.1) | 38 (7.3) | |
ICU admission, n (%) | 303 (16.0) | 303 (100.0) | n/a | 225 (38.7) | 78 (5.9) | 225 (16.4) | 78 (15.0) | |
Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 132 (7.0) | 123 (40.6) | 9 (0.6) | 132 (22.7) | 0 (0.0) | 89 (6.5) | 43 (8.3) | |
Hospital length of stay, days, mean (SD) | 7.3 (5.0) | 12.7 (7.2) | 6.3 (3.6) | 10.3 (6.7) | 6.0 (3.3) | 7.5 (4.9) | 7.0 (5.3) | |
Hospital mortality, n (%) | 87 (4.6) | 53 (17.5) | 34 (2.1) | 83 (14.3) | 4 (0.3) | 71 (5.2) | 16 (3.1) | |
90-day mortality, n (%) | 215 (11.4) | 80 (26.4) | 135 (8.5) | 150 (25.8) | 65 (5.0) | 184 (13.4) | 31 (6.0) |