|  | RR (CI) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Study | Comparison | Males | Females | White people | Black people | Overall total |
American Health Foundation 1 [68] | Ever/never used M (in current smokers) | 1.06 (0.82-1.37) | 0.78 (0.57-1.08) | Â | Â | 0.94 (0.77-1.15) |
Kaiser Permanente [51] | Usual brand M or not (in current smokers for 20+ years) | 1.45 (1.03-2.02) | 0.75 (0.51-1.11) | Â | Â | 1.09 (0.85-1.41) |
Los Angeles [69] | Ever/never used M (in ever smokers) | 1.00 (0.68-1.48) | 0.88 (0.50-1.57) | 1.02 (0.66-1.58) | 0.89 (0.53-1.47) | 1.00 (0.72-1.40) |
Slone Epidemiology Center study [53] | Ever/never used M (in ever smokers) | 0.77 (0.55-1.08) | 1.05 (0.72-1.55) | 0.93 (0.69-1.24) | 0.91 (0.52-1.59) | 0.89 (0.69-1.14) |
American Health Foundation 2 [83] | Currently prefers/does not prefer M (in current smokers) | 0.92 (0.72-1.17) | 0.66 (0.46-0.95) | 0.76 (0.60-0.96) | 1.09 (0.72-1.65) | 0.83 (0.68-1.02) |
German [84] | Ever/never used M (in ever smokers) | Â | Â | 1.12 (0.68-1.83)c | Â | 1.12 (0.68-1.83) |
Lung Health [56] | Current brand M or not (in current smokers) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.96 (0.70-1.32) |
Houston [85] | Ever/never used M (in ever smokers) | Â | Â | Â | 0.81 (0.60-1.09)c | 0.81 (0.60-1.09) |
 | (in current smokers) |  |  |  | 0.69 (0.46-1.03)c | 0.69 (0.46-1.03) |
 | (in former smokers) |  |  |  | 0.99 (0.62-1.56)c | 0.99 (0.62-1.56) |