From: Antibiotic consumption in children prior to diagnosis of asthma
 |  |  | Rate of ABX per | Rate of ABX per | Rate of ABX in month before diagnosis vs 5 months before | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  | 100 PY (month | 100 PY (1-6 months |  |  |  |
Subgroup | n | % | before diagnosis) | before diagnosis) | RR | 95% CI | p |
Overall | 18,864 | 100.0 | 273.1 | 164.9 | 1.66 | 1.60 - 1.71 | <.0001 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Female | 7,762 | 41.2 | 284.5 | 160.4 | 1.77 | 1.68 - 1.87 | <.0001 |
   Male | 11,102 | 58.9 | 265.1 | 168.1 | 1.58 | 1.51 - 1.65 | <.0001 |
Season of asthma diagnosis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
   Winter | 5,085 | 27.0 | 336.3 | 155.1 | 2.17 | 2.04 - 2.30 | <.0001 |
   Spring | 5,140 | 27.2 | 290.9 | 202.9 | 1.43 | 1.35 - 1.53 | <.0001 |
   Summer | 3,142 | 16.7 | 210.8 | 191.7 | 1.10 | 1.00 - 1.21 | 0.04 |
   Fall | 5,156 | 27.3 | 249.0 | 131.2 | 1.90 | 1.77 - 2.04 | <.0001 |
Allergist/respirologist/immunologist visit (in last year) | Â | Â | Â | Â | |||
   No | 18,487 | 98.0 | 274.1 | 164.4 | 1.67 | 1.61 - 1.73 | <.0001 |
   Yes | 377 | 2.0 | 213.2 | 193.4 | 1.10 | 0.80 - 1.51 | 0.54 |
Physician visits in last year (quintiles) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
   0-2 | 2,838 | 15.0 | 81.6 | 36.8 | 2.22 | 1.86 - 2.64 | <.0001 |
   3-4 | 3,147 | 16.7 | 155.2 | 80.0 | 1.94 | 1.73 - 2.18 | <.0001 |
   5-9 | 4,626 | 24.5 | 228.3 | 131.2 | 1.74 | 1.61 - 1.88 | <.0001 |
   10-12 | 4,308 | 22.8 | 336.2 | 197.6 | 1.70 | 1.59 - 1.82 | <.0001 |
   >12 | 3,945 | 20.9 | 488.5 | 328.6 | 1.49 | 1.41 - 1.57 | <.0001 |
SES in the year before diagnosis (quintiles of whole population) | Â | Â | Â | ||||
   First quintile | 4,357 | 23.1 | 204.5 | 120.4 | 1.70 | 1.59 - 1.70 | <.0001 |
   Second quintile | 4,074 | 21.6 | 185.6 | 114.8 | 1.62 | 1.51 - 1.62 | <.0001 |
   Third quintile | 3,744 | 19.9 | 195.9 | 109.1 | 1.80 | 1.66 - 1.80 | <.0001 |
   Fourth quintile | 3,290 | 17.4 | 165.1 | 103.0 | 1.60 | 1.47 - 1.60 | <.0001 |
   Fifth quintile | 2,744 | 14.6 | 146.4 | 97.1 | 1.51 | 1.36 - 1.51 | <.0001 |