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Table 17 Investigating the effect of excluding a study with a very large weight, (LAVECC) and/or a study with a very high RR (AUERBA) on the meta-analysis, estimate for current smoking for emphysema

From: Systematic review with meta-analysis of the epidemiological evidence relating smoking to COPD, chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Studies included

Fixed-effects RR (95% CI)

Random-effects RR (95% CI)

Ha

All 22 studies

2.61 (2.33-2.93)

4.87 (2.83-8.41)

11.54

Exclude AUERBA

2.36 (2.10-2.65)

3.62 (2.50-5.24)

4.48

Exclude LAVECC

4.95 (4.10-5.97)

5.20 (2.85-9.49)

8.50

Exclude both

3.89 (3.21-4.71)

3.85 (2.71-5.47)

2.55

  1. a H is the heterogeneity chisquared per degree of freedom.