Table 4 Risk factors for death expressed as Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI), including the co-variates age, time since recruitment, gender, heart disease, smoking habits and FEV1 percent predicted.
From: Up-to-date on mortality in COPD - report from the OLIN COPD study
Variable | HR | 95% CI | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age1 | 1.09 | 1.07-1.11 | < 0.001 |
Time since recruitment1 | 1.03 | 0.95-1.12 | 0.478 |
Gender2 | 1.45 | 1.03-2.03 | 0.034 |
Ex-smoker3 | 1.26 | 0.85-1.86 | 0.259 |
Smoker3 | 1.91 | 1.21-2.99 | 0.005 |
Heart disease4 | 1.36 | 0.96-1.93 | 0.084 |
FEV1 percent predicted5 | 0.98 | 0.97-0.99 | < 0.001 |