Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products as an indicator of pulmonary vascular injury after cardiac surgery

Table 1 Demographic and peri-operative characteristics in cardiac surgery patients according to pulmonary leakage index (PLI)

	PLI < 1.5 (n = 23)	PLI > 1.5 (n = 37)	P
Age, years^Φ	66 (±14)	71 (±8.5)	0.43
Sex, male^†	19 (82)	25 (68)	0.12
EuroSCORE^Φ	4.9 (±3.2)	7.3 (±1.5)	0.45
ASA-score^Φ	2.7 (±0.6	2.3 (±1.2)	0.67
Diabetes mellitus^†	4 (17)	6 (16)	0.82
COPD^†	2 (9)	3 (8)	0.87
Left ventricular function^†			0.65
Reduced	8 (35)	10(27)
Preserved	15 (65)	23 (62)
FEV1^Φ	80 (±34)	103 (±20)	0.16
Surgery data
CABG^†	15 (65)	15 (40)	0.06
Valve replacement^†	1 (4)	9 (24)	0.09
Other type of surgery^†	7 (30)	13 (35)	0.27
Clamp time, min^Φ	77 (±35)	87 (±29)	0.20
Pump time, min^Φ	114 (±48)	114 (±33)	0.26
Operation-time, min^Φ	292 (±81)	333 (±27)	0.02
Perioperative data
Red blood cells, units^Φ	1.5 (±3.4)	2.7 (±3.2)	0.36
Fresh frozen plasma, units^Φ	1.2 (± 2.4)	1.2 (±2.1)	0.93
Platelets, units^Φ	0.4 (±0.6)	0.6 (±0.8)	0.13
Postoperative data
CVP, mmHg^Φ	11 (±5)	12 (±6)	0.35
Cardiac output, liters/min^#	5.1 (1.1)	4.3 (0.3)	0.23
Mechanical ventilation, hours^Φ	11.7 (±6.2)	16.9 (±25.8)	0.33
PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio^#	336 (162)	280 (112)	0.02

PLI was dichotomized into strongly elevated and modestly elevated, at a cut-off of 1.5 x elevated above upper limit of normal. EuroSCORE: European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; ASA-score: physical status classification system according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second, given in% of predicted; CVP: central venous pressure, measured at time of PLI measurement; Cardiac output and PaO2/FiO2 ratio idem; Data are presented in ^†counts (percents), ^Φmean (±SD) or in ^#median (IQR) when appropriate.

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