Table 3 Crude and adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for home related risk factors for asthma using logistic regression analysis
Number (%) of total sample | Current asthma prevalence (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR# (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||
▪ Male | 1290 (52.8) | 15.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Female | 1151 (47.2) | 15.9 | 1.08 (0.86–1.34) | 1.08 (0.85–1.37) |
Region | ||||
▪ Muscat | 1241 (50.8) | 10.7 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Sharqiyah | 1200 (49.2) | 20.3 | 2.12 (1.68–2.66)* | 1.79 (1.38–2.32)* |
Atopy in parents | ||||
▪ None | 1836 (75.2) | 11.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ One parent | 412 (16.9) | 27.8 | 2.61 (2.900–340)* | 2.48 (1.86–3.29)* |
▪ Both parents | 193 (7.9) | 33.7 | 3.98 (2.85–5.54)* | 3.23 (2.425–4.63)* |
Father education | ||||
▪ No School education | 973 (41.1) | 17.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Didn't complete High School | 905 (38.2) | 15.5 | 0.89 (0.70–1.14) | 1.18 (0.89–1.58) |
▪ Completed High School | 492 (20.8) | 10.8 | 0.59 (0.42–0.82)* | 1.16 0.77–1.75) |
Mother education | ||||
▪ No School education | 1328 (55.3) | 17.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Didn't complete High School | 829 (34.5) | 14.4 | 0.80 (0.63–1.02) | 0.95 (0.72–1.27) |
▪ Completed High School | 244 (10.2) | 8.6 | 0.45 (0.28–0.72)* | 0.62 (0.36–1.07) |
Any parent smoking | ||||
▪ No | 1860 (76.2) | 13.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Yes | 581 (23.8) | 20.3 | 1.66 (1.24–2.01)* | 1.59 (1.22–2.07)* |
Bakhour use | ||||
▪ Never or rarely | 463 (19.0) | 18.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ 1–2 times/week | 549 (22.5) | 12.6 | 0.59 (0.42–0.84)* | 0.68 (0.46–1.01) |
▪ >2 times/week | 1423 (58.4) | 15.7 | 0.80 (0.61–1.06) | 0.87 (0.63–1.20) |
Use of gas cooking | ||||
▪ No | 547 (22.4) | 14.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Yes | 1894 (77.6) | 15.7 | 1.12 (0.86–1.47) | 1.13 (0.83–1.55) |
Air conditions | ||||
▪ No | 287 (11.8) | 25.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Yes | 2154 (88.2) | 14.0 | 0.47 (0.51–0.63)* | 0.56 (0.40–0.80)* |
Damp spots on house walls | ||||
▪ No | 2218 (90.9) | 14.7 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Yes | 223 (9.1) | 22.9 | 1.72 (1.24–2.41)* | 1.47 (1.01–2.12) * |
Use of carpet | ||||
▪ None | 343 (14.1) | 15.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Fitted carpet | 1549 (63.5) | 12.5 | 0.80 (0.57–1.12) | 0.80 (0.56–1.16) |
▪ Loose carpet | 131 (5.4) | 29.0 | 2.29 (1.42–3.69)* | 1.99 (1.11–3.24)* |
▪ Fitted and loose carpets | 418 (17.1) | 22.2 | 1.76 (1.10–2.33)* | 1.25 (0.81–1.94) |
Feather pillow | ||||
▪ No | 2177 (89.2) | 14.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Yes | 264 (10.8) | 20.1 | 1.44 (1.04–2.33)* | 1.14 (0.80–1.64) |
Cat ownership | ||||
▪ No | 1785 (73.1) | 14.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
▪ Yes | 656 (26.9) | 18.3 | 1.34 (1.05–1.70)* | 1.18 (0.90–1.52) |