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Table 3 Outcome measures in terms of health care costs used after adjustment and matching using the variables given in Table 1

From: Effects of triple therapy on disease burden in patients of GOLD groups C and D: results from the observational COPD cohort COSYCONET

Annual health care costs (€)

Triple always

Triple not always

All

Number

162

96

258

Total direct costs

13600 (± 8960)

10800 (± 8700)**

12500 (± 8950)

Medication costs

3630 (± 1850)

2650 (± 1780)***

3260 (± 1880)

Respiratory medication costs

2050 (± 426)

1460 (± 531)***

1830 (± 548)

Other medication costs

1580 (± 1760)

1190 (± 1600)

1440 (± 1710)

Inpatient costs

963 (± 606)

926 (± 541)

949 (± 582)

Outpatient costs

5560 (± 4390)

4440 (± 4200)*

5140 (± 4350)

Rehabilitation costs

637 (± 814)

524 (± 775)

595 (± 800)

Physiotherapy costs

133 (± 188)

84.7 (± 145)*

115 (± 175)

  1. Mean values and standard deviations are given. Medication costs were restricted to prescription-only pharmaceuticals and based on information about name, national drug code, defined daily doses, and pharmacy retails prices. All costs refer to the price year 2012. The groups “Triple always” and “Triple not always” were compared with each other using wilcoxon rank-sum test. Significance levels are indicated as *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001