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Table 2 Physical examination, laboratory test indexes, and treatment in patients with AE-COPD

From: Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of pulmonary embolism in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD in Plateau regions: a prospective cohort study

Variables

All (n = 636)

Non-PE (n = 448)

PE (n = 188)

P-value

Physical examination

   

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

126.2 ± 19.1

127.2 ± 19.3

123.9 ± 18.5

0.050

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

78.6 ± 13.6

79.1 ± 14.1

77.4 ± 12.3

0.146

Heart rate, /min

84 (75, 95)

84 (75, 95)

84 (76, 98)

0.365

Respiratory rate, /min

20 (19, 22)

20 (19, 22)

20 (19, 22)

0.832

Laboratory test

    

White blood cell count, ×109

5.6 (4.5, 7.0)

5.5 (4.5, 6.8)

5.9 (4.5, 7.9)

0.064

Neutrophil count,×109

3.8 (2.9, 5.2)

3.7 (2.8, 5.1)

4.1 (3.0, 6.2)

0.011

Hemoglobin, g/L

175 (150, 201)

174 (152, 203)

177 (147, 198)

0.551

Platelet count, ×109

134 (98, 175)

137 (101, 176)

129 (91, 172)

0.059

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm/h

2.0 (1.0, 7.0)

2.0 (1.0, 6.6)

2.0 (1.0, 8.2)

0.395

D-dimer, mg/L

1.4 (0.9, 3.0)

1.3 (0.9, 2.4)

2.1 (1.2, 5.3)

< 0.001

PT, s

12.9 (11.9, 14.3)

12.8 (11.9, 14.3)

13.1 (11.9, 14.3)

0.480

APTT, s

32.0 (28.4, 36.8)

32.0 (28.6, 36.8)

32.0 (27.7, 36.8)

0.671

OI, mmHg

270 (220, 330)

274 (220, 330)

257 (218, 316)

0.111

Total protein, g/L

61.3 (56.8, 66.1)

61.5 (56.9, 66.0)

60.70 (55.80, 66.40)

0.602

Albumin, g/L

34.7 (31.3, 38.0)

34.8 (31.6, 38.2)

34.3 (30.5, 37.3)

0.040

ALT, U/L

18 (12, 30)

18 (12, 27)

22 (14, 44)

< 0.001

AST, U/L

24 (19, 35)

23 (19, 32)

26 (20, 43)

0.002

LDH, IU/L

265.0 (207.5, 340.0)

258.0 (204.0, 332.0)

275.0 (228.2, 360.0)

0.010

BUN, mmol/L

7.2 (5.1, 9.7)

6.9 (5.0, 9.6)

7.6 (5.2, 9.9)

0.183

Uric acid, µmol/L

425.0 (326.5, 560.5)

424.5 (325.5, 559.0)

434.5 (328.0, 568.0)

0.724

Creatinine, µmol/L

75.0 (63.0, 89.0)

75.0 (62.0, 88.2)

76.5 (64.0, 90.0)

0.745

cTnI, ng/L

18.1 (6.3, 50.6)

16.2 (6.1, 49.9)

22.1 (7.4, 53.6)

0.298

CK-MB, U/L

13.0 (10.0, 18.3)

13.0 (10.0, 18.6)

13.0 (9.5, 18.0)

0.679

NT-proBNP, pg/mL

410.0 (119.0, 924.4)

406.0 (124.5, 910.2)

425.4 (105.0, 975.1)

0.956

Electrocardiogram and echocardiography

  

Sinus tachycardia

43 (6.8)

35 (7.8)

8 (4.3)

0.103

Nonspecific T-wave inversion

21 (3.3)

12 (2.7)

9 (4.8)

0.175

Poor R-wave progression

57 (9.0)

35 (7.8)

22 (11.7)

0.117

Right bundle branch block

104 (16.4)

83 (18.5)

21 (11.2)

0.022

S1Q3T3 pattern

35 (5.5)

25 (5.6)

10 (5.3)

0.895

LA diameter, mm

36 (33, 41)

36 (33, 41)

36 (32, 41)

0.963

LVESVI, mL/m2

45 (41, 48)

45 (41, 48)

45 (41, 48)

0.588

LVEDVI, mL/m2

28 (25, 31)

28 (25, 31)

28 (25, 31)

0.454

Simpson biplane EF, %

65.0 (60.0, 69.0)

65.0 (60.9, 68.5)

65.0 (60.0, 70.0)

0.723

RA diameter, mm

44 (38, 50)

44 (38, 50)

43 (38, 49)

0.266

RV diameter, mm

36 (30, 39)

36 (30, 40)

36 (31, 39)

0.876

PA diameter, mm

29 (25, 32)

29 (25, 32)

28 (24, 32)

0.108

PASP, mmHg

63 (48, 82)

65 (49, 83)

60 (47, 81)

0.292

Treatment

    

Ventilation

57 (9.0)

39 (8.7)

18 (9.6)

0.726

PICC

6 (0.9)

5 (1.1)

1 (0.5)

0.487

  1. Abbreviation: AECOPD: Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; PT: Prothrombin Time; APTT: Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time; OI: Oxygenation Index; ALT: Alanine Transaminase; AST: Aspartate Aminotransferase; LDH: Lactate Dehydrogenase; BUN: Blood Urea Nitrogen; cTnI: Cardiac Troponin I; CK-MB: Creatine Kinase-MB; DVT: Deep Vein Thrombosis; NT-proBNP: N-terminal Prohormone B-type Natriuretic Peptide; LA: Left Atrial; LDH: Lactic Dehydrogenase; LVESVI: Left Ventricular End-Systolic Volume Index; LVEDVI: Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume Index; EF: Ejection Fraction; RA: Right Atrial; RV: Right Ventricular; Right Ventricular Wall Thickness; PA: Pulmonary Artery; PASP: Pulmonary Arterial Systolic Pressure; PICC: Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter
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