Fig. 4

The impact of anxiety and depression on asthma control and adherence to asthma controller among patients with asthma. Patients were classified into two groups based on the levels of anxiety and depression (as assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Pateints with HADS score of 8 to 21 were considered anxious (n = 78) or depressed (n = 60), and those with HADS score of 0 to 7 were considered nonanxious (n = 209) or nondepressed (n = 227). Then, level of adherence to inhalers (A and C) and asthma control (B and D) were assessed using Test of Adherence to Inhalers (TAI) and Asthma Control Test (ACT), respectively. The bars represent the standard errors of the mean. ****P < 0.0001 compared with the nonanxious or nondepressed groups